unit 3 ap environmental science chapter 8

The elements of Earth are separated such that the

• most dense elements are in the center, called the mantle

• most dense elements are at the surface, called the crust.

• least dense elements are at the surface, called the mantle.

• most dense elements are in the center, called the core.

• least dense elements are in the center, called the core.

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-1

The Earth is about ____ billion years old

• 1.6

• 2.6

• 3.6

• 4.6

• 8.6

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

The lithosphere includes

• part of the core.

• all of the crust.

• the entire mantle.

• all of the core.

• both a and c.

Alfred Wegener’s evidence for claiming that the continents have not always been positioned where they are today is found in

• fossils in Antarctica matching fossils in Greenland.

• rock formations in sequences that match on opposite sides of the Atlantic.

• fossils of animals that are mixed up from their original positions.

• the presence of mammalian fossils in both South America and Africa.

• all of these answers are correct.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

Use Figure 8-1. A subduction zone is shown at

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

New ocean floor is created at?

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

The European continent and North America are moving away from each other at a rate of 36 mm/year. Which answer most closely approximates how much farther apart the continents were in 2010 than when Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic in 1492?

• .02 km

• .2 km

• 180,000 mm

• 1800 mm

• 1.8 cm

A geologist finds a substance with uniform crystalline structure and composition throughout. In the lab it is determined that the substance consists of more than one element. The term which properly identifies the substance is

• soil

• rock

• mineral

• gold

• crystal

Select the correct rock type connected with its mode of origin

• Igneous-liquid magma

• Sedimentary-exposure to high temperatures and pressures

• Metamorphic-compression of mud by overlying sediments

• Sedimentary-compression of magma.

• All of the above

Granitic rock is the dominant rock type in

• oceanic crust

• continental crust

• at subduction zones

• at areas where seafloor spreading is taking place

• Hawaiian islands