Chapter 2 Clicker Questions

Based on the periodic table, which elements will most likely form an ionic bond?

• Na and Cl, and Li and F

• C and O

• N and O

• Si and Cl

• All of the above

Based on the periodic table, which elements will most likely form a covalent bond?

• Na and Cl

• C and O

• N and O

• Si and Cl

• H and H

What do elements with atomic numbers 6, 14, and 22 have in common?

• same number of electrons

• same atomic mass

• same valence and wil form the same number of covalent bonds

• all of the above

• none of the above

What type of bond is very prevalent in lipids and gives lipids their properties?

• polar covalent

• nonpolar covalent

• strong ionic bond

• weak ionic bond

• hydrogen bond

Buffers will bind to one of the following shown in the reaction below. How will that change this reversible reaction?

H₂CO3 HCO3^- + H⁺

• The reaction will proceed to the left.

• HCO₃^- concentration will decrease.

• H₂CO3 concentration will increase.

• H₂CO₃ concentration will not change.

• HCO₃^- concentration will increase.

Water shows high cohesion and surface tension and can absorb large amounts of heat because of large numbers of which of the following bonds between water molecules? Solutions of other molecules have much less bonding between molecules.

• strong ionic bonds

• nonpolar covalent bonds

• polar covalent bonds

• hydrogen bonds

• weak ionic bonds

Which of the following observations would distinguish between the alternative hypotheses that geckos walk on vertical surfaces via either hydrogen bonding or

van der Waals interactions?

• Geckos can walk up dry surfaces

• Geckos can walk up smooth glass surfaces—

  silicon dioxide is a polar, hydrophilic compound.

• Geckos can walk up smooth plastic surfaces—

  plastics are hydrophobic.

What are the four emergent properties of water that are important for life?

• cohesion, expansion upon freezing, high heat of evaporation, capillarity

• cohesion, moderation of temperature,

  expansion upon freezing, solvent properties

• moderation of temperature, solvent properties, high surface tension, capillarity

• heat of vaporization, high specific heat, high surface tension, capillarity

• polarity, hydrogen bonding, high specific heat, high surface tension

Water has an unusually high specific heat. This is directly related to which one of the following?

• At its boiling point, water changes from liquid to vapor.

• More heat is required to raise the temperature of water.

• Ice floats in liquid water.

• Salt water freezes at a lower temperature than pure water.

• Floating ice can insulate bodies of water.

Surfactants reduce surface tension of a liquid. Which of the following would result if water was treated with surfactants?

• Surfactant-treated water droplets will form a thin film instead of beading on a waxed surface.

• Surfactant-treated water will form smaller droplets when dripping from a sink.

• Water striders will sink.

• All of the above will occur.

• Only A and C will occur.