THE UNIVERSE

What characteristic of stars is measured by luminosity?

• brightness

• size

• temperature

• distance from Earth

Which statement best describes stars?

• large planets that are composed mostly of gases

• celestial bodies made up of gas that give off light

• faint dots of light that can be seen from Earth’s surface

• objects that form in the outer parts of the solar system

Which of the following pairs of terms directly relates to the actual brightness of a star?

• absolute magnitude and luminosity

• apparent magnitude and luminosity

• size and luminosity

• absolute magnitude and apparent magnitude

Felix examined several photos of stars. To compare their temperatures, he looked at the colors of the stars. He organized the photos in order from coolest to hottest. Which of these answers shows the correct order?

• red, yellow, white, blue

• white, blue, yellow, red

• yellow, white, blue, red

• blue, yellow, white, red

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Our solar system consists of eight planets. Which phrase correctly describes a planet?

• a large celestial body that is composed of gas and emits light

• any one of the primary bodies that orbits a star

• many stars held together by gravity

• space and all the matter and energy in it

When we say an object is in orbit, we mean that it is traveling around another object in space. What do planets in a solar system orbit?

• a star

• a moon

• a galaxy

• a universe

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

Our solar system consists of eight planets. Each planet is classified as either a terrestrial planet or a gas giant planet. Which is a difference between these two types of planets?

• Terrestrial planets are larger than gas giant planets.

• Gas giant planets are denser than terrestrial planets.

• Terrestrial planets have thinner atmospheres than gas giant planets.

• Gas giant planets have rockier crusts than terrestrial planets.

Planets can be classified based on their physical composition. Some planets are small and dense; other planets are large and less dense. Which of the following describes the physical composition of a terrestrial planet?

• bright

• rocky

• liquid

• gaseous

A galaxy contains stars, gas, and dust. This matter must be held together or the galaxy will break apart. What is responsible for holding the stars, gas, and dust together in a galaxy?

• heat

• light

• gravity

• friction

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

The universe consists of space and all the matter and energy in it. What do we call the parts of the universe that are located between galaxies?

• stars

• voids

• moons

• planets