Bob Jones Physical Science Chapter 16 Test

The first person to use the word atom to describe the fundamental particles of matter was

• Robert Boyle

• John Dalton

• J. J. Thomson

• Democritus

With which of these statements would John Dalton have disagreed?

• Atoms of an element are all alike

• Atoms can be divided into protons, neutrons, and electrons.

• Elements are made of only atoms

• Atoms cannot be created or destroyed in chemical reactions.

What led Rutherford to believe that the atom is mostly empty space?

• Some alpha particles bounced off the foil at sharp angles.

• Most alpha particles went through the gold foil.

• Some alpha particles absorbed into the gold foil.

• The shielding on the source of alpha particles was ineffective.

With which of these statements would Bohr have disareed?

• The distance between electrons and the nucleus of an atom cannot be precisely known at any one moment

• Electrons occupy different energy levels in teh atom

• Different elements give off different colors when heated

• Each element has a unique electron structure.

Which determines the identity of an atom?

• atomic mass

• mass number

• atomic number

• charge

Which gives the number of nucleons in an atom?

• atomic mass

• mass number

• atomic number

• charge

The maximum number of electrons that can fit in the third energy level of an atom is

• 2

• 8

• 10

• 18

Which type of radioactive decay does this equation represent? 234/90 Th ---> 234/91 Pa + 0/-1 e

• alpha

• beta

• gamma

• no decay

Which type of radioactive decay is used in many smoke detectors?

• alpha

• beta

• gamma

• nuclear

What is necessary for a useful scientific model?

• it must be workable

• it must given useful answers to questions scientists ask

• none of these

• all of these