EOC Week6

Genetic screening is a procedure where a person’s DNA is analyzed to identify a genetic predisposition to lethal diseases. One advantage of genetic screening is that it allows doctors to prevent and treat diseases before patients have symptoms. Which of the following is a disadvantage of genetic screening?

• Genetic screening results could be used to determine inheritance patterns in families

• The likelihood of a child contracting an inheritable disease could be predicted by genetic screening

• A doctor could combine a patient’s current symptoms with genetic screening results to diagnose and treat the patient.

• Insurance companies could drop a patient’s medical coverage based on potential medical issues projected by genetic screening.

Animal pharming is becoming more popular as the demand for human proteins and vaccines continues to grow. Animal pharming is the process of using transgenic animals to produce human drugs such as insulin and human growth hormone. Transgenic animals are animals which have been genetically transformed by splicing and inserting foreign genes into their chromosomes. If successful, the inserted gene can enable an animal to make certain proteins in its milk, blood, sperm, or eggs. Which of the following is NOT true about transgenic animals?

• Transgene DNA may insert itself into the genome in a way that disrupts the animal’s normal gene function.

• Transgenic animals cannot pass their ability to produce the desired drug to its offspring.

• Transgenic animals can produce the desired drug at high levels without endangering its own health.

• Transgenic animals can be easily tested for the new gene.

In October of 1990, the US Department of Energy’s Office of Science and the US National Institute of Health began the process of mapping the human genome. This process was referred to as The Human Genome Project and was intended to identify the 20,000 – 25,000 genes of the human genome. A working draft of the genome was announced in 2000 and a complete one in 2003. Which of the following describes the main benefit of completing The Human Genome Project?

• Cloning humans

• Designing new human genes

• Patenting specific human genes

• Identifying genetically-based diseases

Genetic engineering has both positive and negative outcomes. One of the most common areas where genetic engineering is used is in agriculture. If farmers plant more genetically modified crops, which of the following negative outcomes could occur?

• An increase in the use of pesticides

• A decrease in genetic diversity of the crops

• An increase in the contamination of the water supply

• A decrease in crop productivity

Rice, the most popular food crop in the world, can be successfully grown only in certain places. If trends in climate change continue, the areas in which rice currently grows will be significantly reduced. Which of the following is the best way that biotechnology can keep the harvest of rice from decreasing?

• Identifying new areas with soil fertile enough for rice production

• Developing clean energy sources to reduce carbon dioxide production worldwide.

• Seeing clouds with dry ice to produce more rainfall where it is needed.

• Genetically engineering rice crops that are tolerant to change in the environment.

The illustration below shows four lobes of the human brain. What lobe is designated by label 2?

• temporal

• parietal

• occipital

• frontal

Which lobe of the brain is designated by number 4?

• Parietal

• Occipital

• Temporal

• Frontal

The scientific theory of evolution is supported by different types of evidence. The diagrams below show the skeletons of two different animal species. How does comparing the skeletons of these animals provide support for the scientific theory of evolution?

• It provides information about the organisms' habitats.

• It shows possible common ancestry between organisms.

• It provides information to determine the organisms' ages.

• It shows possible chromosomal similarities between organisms

According to fossil records, the horses that lived 50 million years ago were much smaller, weaker and slower than modern horses. Which process is most likely responsible for the changes that have led to the increased size, strength, and speed in horses?

• commensalism

• inbreeding

• migration

• evolution by natural selection

The diagram illustrates an embryonic stage of two organisms. Which of the following can be determined by observing the embryos shown in the diagram?

• The organisms share a common ancestry.

• The organisms belong to the same genus

• The organisms are native to the same geographic areas.

• The organisms will grow into anatomically similar adults.