Gastrointestinal / Endocrine Emergencies

Solid abdominal organs include the:

• stomach and small intestine.

• spleen, kidneys, and pancreas.

• gallbladder and large intestine.

• urinary bladder, colon, and ureters.

Which of the following organs would MOST likely bleed profusely if injured?

• Liver

• Stomach

• Appendix

• Gallbladder

Which of the following organs assists in the filtration of blood, serves as a blood reservoir, and produces antibodies?

• Liver

• Kidneys

• Spleen

• Pancreas

Which of the following is characteristic of peptic ulcer disease (PUD)?

• Symptom relief after taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

• The passage of bright red blood in the stool or coughing up blood

• Sharp pain that is typically located in both lower abdominal quadrants

• Burning or pain in the stomach that subsides immediately after eating

A 60-year-old female presents with a tearing sensation in her lower back. Her skin is sweaty and she is tachycardic. The EMT should suspect:

• kidney stones.

• aortic aneurysm.

• strangulated hernia.

• acute pancreatitis.

The MOST important treatment for a patient with severe abdominal pain and signs of shock is:

• transporting the patient without delay.

• administering high-flow oxygen.

• giving oral fluids to maintain perfusion.

• placing them in a diaper immediately.

The main function of the endocrine system is to _________.

• produce glandular secretions

• regulate glucose and calcium

• regulate blood flow

• maintain homeostasis

The two main types of cells contained in blood are called _________.

• erythrocytes and leukocytes

• platelets and plasma

• transport and clotting

• hemoglobin A and S

In contrast to type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes:

• occurs when antibodies attack insulin-producing cells.

• is caused by resistance to insulin at the cellular level.

• is caused by a complete lack of insulin in the body.

• is commonly diagnosed in children and young adults.

The EMT should assess for hypoglycemia in small children with a severe illness or injury because:

• a child's cells do not uptake glucose as rapidly as adults' do.

• illness or injury causes the pancreas to produce less insulin.

• children cannot store excess glucose as effectively as adults.

• children overproduce insulin during severe illness or injury.