language and religion

Dialects developed within England primarily because

• the Viking invaders did not remain long in England.
• different Germanic invaders settled in different regions.
• the Normans invaded from the south.
• British Received Pronunciation became the standard dialect.

Which of the following will encompass the largest number of speakers?

• language group
• language family
• language branch
• dialect

Which of the following is not a Romance language? 

• French
• German
• Italian
• Spanish

The oldest roots of the English language have been traced back to present-day 

• Belgium
• Canada
• Denmark
• Iceland

Complete the following analogy: Argentina is to Spanish as

• Brazil is to Portuguese.
• Guyana is to Spanish.
• Suriname is to French.
• Panama is to English.

Complete the following analogy: southern Europe is to Romance as

• southwestern Europe is to Iberian.
• eastern Europe is to West Germanic.
• eastern Europe is to Balto-Slavic.
• southeast Europe is to Greek.

In both the Kurgan and Anatolian theories of Indo-European, the language family spread via __________ diffusion.

• contagious
• expansion
• hierarchical
• relocation

Globally, today’s predominant lingua franca is

• Swahili
• English
• Spanish

Modern communications methods have _________ of social customs.

• led to fragmentation
• increased the global uniformity 
• slowed the dissemination 
• had little effect on the spread

Which of the following language branches is not a member of the Indo-European language family?

• Balto-Slavic
• Germanic
• Greek
• Caucasian