Acid and Bases

• very acidic 
• very basic 
• positively charged 
• negatively charged 

Which of the following is an observable property of many acids?

• they become slippery when reacting with water 
• they react with metals to release hydrogen gas 
• they produce salts when mixed with other acids 
• they become more acidic when mixed with a base 

Potassium hydroxide (KOH) is a strong base because it

• easily releases hydroxide ions 
• does not dissolve in water
• reacts to form salt crystals in water 
• does not conduct an electric current 

Of four different laboratory solutions, the solution with the highest acidity has
a pH of

• 11
• 7
• 5
• 3

The water from hot srpings near the Ebeko volcano in the Pacific Ocean has a very low pH. A low pH indicates which of the following about the water? 

• it has no detectable H+ or OH- ions 
• It has equal concentrations of H+ and OH- ions 
• It has high concentrations of H+ ions 
• It has equal numbers of positive and negative ions 

A student was assigned to take water samples from a lake near his home. He measured the pH of one of the water samples to be 6.0. Which of the following best describes this sample of water? 

• highly acidic 
• slightly acidic 
• highly basic 
• slightly basic 

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a strong base. According to the Arrhenius theory, why is sodium hydroxide a base? 

• NaOH is a neutralizer 
• NaOH is a proton acceptor 
• NaOH is a hydroxide ion donor 
• NaOH is an electron pair provider 

Which sample in the table is the most acidic?

• rain 
• creek 
• pool
• faucet 

Calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)₂ is used as a soil conditioner in home gardens. When mixed with water, it releases hydroxide ions. Which of the following is the most likely pH for a solution of calcium hydroxide and water?

• 1
• 3
• 7
• 10

A compound is classified as an Arrhenius base because, when the compound dissolves in water, there is an increase in the concentration of which of the following ions?

• hydrogen ions 
• hydroxide ions 
• magnesium ions 
• oxide ions