Ch. 15 Urbanization

Many immigrants left Europe to escape poverty, the restrictions of social class, forced military service, high food prices, population pressure, and

• civil war.
• the lack of industrial jobs.
• religious persecution.
• urban problems such as crime.

The wave of immigrants that arrived in the late nineteenth century changed American society by

• bringing new ideas to American industries.
• changing the face and size of American cities.
• forming ethnic neighborhoods in many communities.
• rapidly assimilating into mainstream American culture.

What philosophy held that some people fail in life because of circumstances beyond their control?

• individualism
• naturalism
• realism
• Social Darwinism

Tammany Hall was the name of a

• dance hall.
• political machine.
• saloon.
• theater.

In contrast to Social Darwinists, social reformers believed that society’s problems could be fixed only by

• encouraging competition and natural selection.
• helping poor people to help themselves.
• recognizing that people fail due to circumstances beyond their control.
• regulating the economy and helping those in need.

The philosophy of Social Darwinism applied Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution to

• biblical accounts of creation.
• human society and competition.
• political and economic issues.
• the social reform movement.

The Social Gospel movement worked to better conditions in cities according to

• biblical ideals of charity and justice.
• the economic doctrine of laissez-faire.
• practical realities of urban poverty.
• the principles of social science.

In public schools, immigrant children learned English and were taught about American history and culture, a process known as

• Americanization
• assimilation.
• industrialization.
• urbanization.

Political machines provided new city dwellers with necessities such as jobs, housing, and police protection in exchange for

•  graft.
• votes.
• kickbacks.
• wages.

The vast majority of immigrants arriving on the East Coast passed through a processing center located where?

• Angel Island
• Ellis Island
• Staten Island
• Long Island