Ions & Bonding

An ion form when an element:

• gains or loses protons
• gains or loses electrons
• gains or loses neutrons
• gains or loses radiation

Electrons are always lost from:

• the shell closest to the nucleus
• the shell where the electrons have the least energy
• the outermost shell where electrons are present
• the excited state of the electrons

When atoms form ions, they have the same electron packing as:

• halogens
• chacogens
• transition metals
• inert or noble gases

When a sodium ion forms, it has the same electron arrangement as:

• helium
• neon
• argon
• krypton

A sodium atom has 11 electrons. When it forms an ion it has:

• 2 electrons
• 10 electrons
• 18 electrons
• 0 electrons

When metals form ions:

• they lose electrons and form cations
• they gain electrons and form cations
• they lose electrons and form anions
• they gain electrons and form anions

When sodium forms an ion it:

• gains 1 electron
• gains 2 electrons
• loses 1 electron
• loses 2 electrons

When chlorine forms an ion it:

• gains 1 electron
• gains 2 electrons
• loses 1 electron
• loses 2 electrons

When magnesium forms an ion it:

• gains 1 electron
• gains 2 electrons
• loses 1 electron
• loses 2 electrons

When sulfur forms an ion it:

• gains 1 electron
• gains 2 electrons
• loses 1 electron
• loses 2 electrons