8.L.3 (Ecosystems)

Barn owls hunt shrews. In this example what is a barn owl?

• Herbivore/Predator
• Carnivore/Prey
• Carnivore/Predator

Sharks consume smaller fish they catch in the ocean. This is an example of what type of relationship?

• predator/prey
• parasite/host
• producer/consumer

When an organism's energy source comes from both animals and plants, that organism is considered to be a what?

• predator
• omnivore
• herbivore
• carnivore

On a safari at night, a lion hunts and feeds on an antelope. In this relationship, the lion is the ____________________ and the antelope is the _________________.

• Parasite/host
• Predator/prey
• Prey/Predator

What is an example of commensalism?

• One organism is helped and the other is hurt
• Both organisms are hurt
• One organism is helped and the other is not affected
• Both organisms are helped

A cymothoid isopod lives inside the mouth of a snapper fish. The isopod severs blood vessels in the fish's tongue, causing the tongue to die. The isopod then hooks its legs to the base of the fish's tongue, essentially replacing the tongue. The isopod stays there for the rest of its life, feeding on blood, mucus, and stray pieces of food from the fish.

• Mutualism
• Commensalism
• Parasitism

A boxer crab carries a pair of small anemones in its claws. When approached by a predator, the crab waves the stinging tentacles of the anemones to deter the predator. The anemones benefits from the small particles of food dropped by the crab during the feeding.

• Mutualism
• Commensalism
• Parasitism

Corals feed off the byproducts of a microscopic algae living within their own tissue,called zooxanthellae. The photosynthetic activity of the algae is vital to the survival of the coral animals, which use the energy to extract calcium from the seawater and build their calcareous skeletons. The zooxanthellae are protected by the hard coral and obtain plant nutrients from the coral.

• Mutualism
• Commensalism
• Parasitism

Some species of barnacles attach themselves to sea turtles or whales. As the whales or sea turtles travel, the barnacles gain access to food in nutrient-rich waters. Their host neither benefits nor is harmed by its riders.

• Mutualism
• Commensalism
• Parasitism

A tapeworm needs to eat food that is already digested, so it lives in the intestines of a dogfish shark and derives nourishment from the shark. As a result of the tapeworm infestation, the shark is weakened and more vulnerable to disease and predation.

• Mutualism
• Commensalism
• Parasitism