Periodic Table

Which of these elements has the greatest atomic radius?

• H
• N
• Cl
• Cs

What has to occur before an atom in its ground state can emit a photon?

• reversal of the spin of an electron
• ionization of an electron from the atom
• relaxation of an electron to a lower energy state
• excitation of an electron to a higher energy state

Going from left to right in the periodic table, the atomic radius decreases. Which of the following explains the atomic radii trend of elements across a period?

• There is an increase in the number of electron shells.
• There is a decrease in the number of electron shells.
• The attraction increases between the nucleus and the outer electrons.
• The attraction decreases between the nucleus and the outer electrons.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

NGSS.HS-PS1-2

Electronegativity is a measure of how easy it is for an atom to attract another electron. The elements He, Ne, and Ar have the lowest electronegativity values. What do these elements have in common?

• They have an outer orbital full of electrons.
• They have one electron in their outer orbital.
• They lose a proton which makes them negatively charged.
• They have an extra electron which makes them positively charged.

The ionization potential of an element is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an isolated atom or molecule. According to the periodic table, which of the following indicates the correct decreasing order of ionization potential?

• Li>Na>K>Cs
• Na>K>Li>Cs
• Li>K>Na>Cs
• Cs>K>Na>Li

The elements chromium (Cr) and zinc (Zn) are in period four of the periodic table. Which characteristic of zinc and chromium is correct based on their positions?

• Zinc has a greater atomic radius than chromium.
• Zinc loses electrons more easily than chromium.
• Chromium has more valence electrons than zinc.
• Chromium has lower ionization energy than zinc.

Electron affinity increases from bottom to top in a family of nonmetal elements on the periodic table. What other pattern occurs from bottom to top of a nonmetal family based on this change in electron affinity?

• increase of the atomic number
• increase of chemical reactivity
• decrease of activation energy
• decrease of ionization energy

Using the Periodic Table of the Elements, the properties of elements can often be used to deduce the properties of neighboring elements. In which set can the reactivity of the first three elements be used to most accurately predict the reactivity of the fourth element?

• silver (Ag), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr) → sulfur (S)
• fluorine (F), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N) → carbon (C)
• antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te), iodine (I) → xenon (Xe)
• oxygen (O), sulfur (S), tellurium (Te) → selenium (Se)

The Periodic Table of the Elements is useful for revealing patterns and trends in the elements. Which statement accurately describes a pattern in the size of atomic radii in the Periodic Table of the Elements?

• Atomic radii decrease from left to right across a period and decrease from top to bottom in a group.
• Atomic radii increase from left to right across a period and increase from top to bottom in a group.
• Atomic radii decrease from left to right across a period and increase from top to bottom in a group.
• Atomic radii increase from left to right across a period and decrease from top to bottom in a group.
  

Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine all have the same number of valence electrons and have a tendency to gain electrons. Which element has the greatest tendency to gain electrons?

• fluorine
• chlorine
• bromine
• iodine