EXAM ONE

A cell at rest will be more likely to lose K+ than gain Na+ because  the membrane has? 

• more K+ ligand-gated channels compared to Na+ channels 
• more K+ leak channels compared to Na+ channels 
• more K+ voltage gated channels compared to Na+ channels 
• More K+ mechanically channels compared to Na+ channels

What primary function do the vertebrae and meninges serve for the spinal cord?

• They provide nutritional support for the spinal cord.
• They provide a protective covering for the spinal cord.
• They provide minimal support for the spinal cord.
• All of the choices are correct.

 Jackson is blind and reads using Braille, a system of raised dots that are felt with the fingers. Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the language pathway when Jackson reads using Braille and then tells his friend what he’s reading?

• primary motor cortex -> Broca’s area -> Wernicke’s area -> speech muscles
• primary auditory cortex -> Wernicke’s area -> Broca’s area -> primary motor cortex
• primary somatosensory cortex -> Wernicke’s area -> Broca’s area -> primary motor cortex
• common integrative area -> Broca’s area -> Wernicke’s area -> speech muscles

A signal to cause your muscle to contract, pulling your hand away from a hot object, would travel along

• autonomic neurons
• autonomic and somatic neurons
• somatic neurons
• sensory neurons

When processing data to answer this multiple-choice question, you are utilizing the _______ of the nervous system.

• motor function
• sensory function
• autonomic function
• integrative function

A scientist discovers that a neuron does not have adequate stores of neurotransmitter. What part of the neuron is he observing?

• the axon
• the synaptic end bulbs
• the dendrites
• the soma

If the myelin serves to insulate an axon, decreasing the loss of electrical signal and increasing speed of conduction, then which of the following statements accurately predicts where myelin will have the largest effect?

• Neurons with short axons that relay critical information.
• Neurons with short axons that relay information of minor importance.
• Neurons with long axons that relay information of minor importance.
• Neurons with long axons that relay critical information.

Ions cross the membrane through channels. What factors will affect the movement of the ions?

• chemical and electrical gradients
• pressure gradients
• electrical gradients
• concentration gradients

The cerebrospinal fluid is found immediately between which two meningeal layers?

• arachnoid mater and dura mater
• arachnoid mater and pia mater
• dura mater and pia mater
• All of the choices are correct.

Action potentials would move in what direction through the spinal cord?

• dorsal root -> spinal nerve -> ventral root
• spinal nerve -> dorsal root -> ventral root
• ventral root -> spinal nerve -> dorsal root
• ventral root -> dorsal root -> spinal nerve