Post Thanksgiving Review

Ecology Review

Match

Match the following

• Biotic

• Abiotic

• Ecosystem

living things

Nonliving things

 the relationship between living and nonliving parts of the environment

• living things

• Nonliving things

•  the relationship between living and nonliving parts of the environment

​Ecology

​Ecology is the study of relationships between living things and their environment

​

Environment is made up of biotic and abiotic things

• Biotic: living

• Abiotic: nonliving​

Ecosystem= Level of ecology that includes

the biotic and abiotic factors

Match

Match the type of symbiosis with the appropriate explanation.

• Mutualism

• Commensalism

• Parastism

Both helped (++)

One helped and the other unaffected (+0)

1 helped. 1 negatively affected. (+-)

• Both helped (++)

• One helped and the other unaffected (+0)

• 1 helped. 1 negatively affected. (+-)

Multiple Choice

The picture shows what type of succession?

• primary

• secondary

• tertiary

• quadanary

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a behavioral adaptation?

• Migrating south for the winter

• Large Claws

• Camouflage

• Toxic chemicals for defense

Multiple Choice

What is always on the bottom level of energy pyramid?

• primary consumers

• secondary consumers

• autotrophs (producers)

• heterotrophs (consumers)

Multiple Choice

Multiple Choice

If the seeds, nuts, roots, grass, leaves, and flowers level had 1,000 kcal, how many kcal would be in the hawks and owls level?

• 1,000 kcal

• 100 kcal

• 10 kcal

• 1 kcal

Multiple Choice

What do fungi do to dead plants and animals?

• Leave them there

• Decompose them

• Wait for other animals to eat them

• Move away

How Energy Flows

• Energy flows through an ecosystems in one direction

• Starting with the sun or chemical compounds

• Then to autotrophs(producers)

• Then to various heterotrophs(consumers)

Food Webs

Models that show all possible feeding relationships at each trophic level in a community; links all food chains in an ecosystem together.

Trophic Levels

• Energy is passed up a food chain or food web from lower to higher trophic levels.

• Generally only about 10% of the energy at one level is available to the next level and stored as energy

  • The rest of the energy is used for metabolic process or given off as heat to the environment.

Multiple Choice

How do animals get the nitrogen they need?

• From the air they breathe

• From the water they drink

• From the food they eat

• From the sun

Multiple Choice

How is nitrogen "fixed" into a usable form for plants?

• Through action of bacteria only

• Through lightning only

• Through action of bacteria and lightning

• Through photosynthesis

Multiple Choice

If photosynthesis and cellular respiration keep CO2 and O2 stable in the atmosphere, what could cause a man made imbalance?

• Use of fossil fuels
• Increase in photosynthesis
• Increase in cellular respiration
• Decrease in photosynthesis

Multiple Choice

What do plants need to go through photosynthesis?

• Water, light, soil
• Water, CO2, light
• Water, Oxygen, light
• Light, soil, carbon dioxide

Multiple Choice

During photosynthesis, carbon is moved from which reservoir to which reservoir?

• From the atmosphere to the terrestrial biosphere.
• From the troposphere to the terrestrial biosphere.
• From the lithosphere to the terrestrial biosphere.
• From the hydrosphere to the terrestrial biosphere

Matter Recycling

• An ecosystem survives by a combination of energy flow and matter recycling

• Biogeochemical cycles move all nutrients through air, water, soil, rock and living organisms

Nitrogen Cycle

• ~ 78% of the atmosphere is nitrogen gas, but it is not in a usable form

• Bacteria are the only organisms that can use nitrogen directly from the environment

Carbon Cycle

• The circulation of carbon between the living organisms and the non-living components of ecosystems.

• Plants and other organisms that can perform photosynthesis help to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and release oxygen.