RESPIRATORY SYSTEM-MGH

Multiple Choice

Why is the respiratory system essential for human survival?

• It helps the body obtain oxygen and remove carbon dioxide

• It helps the body digest food

• It helps the body move muscles

• It helps the body produce hormones

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT an event included in respiration?

• Ventilation or breathing

• External respiration

• Digestion

• Cellular respiration

Multiple Choice

What is the main difference between the upper and lower respiratory tracts?

• The upper tract includes the lungs, while the lower tract includes the nose.

• The upper tract consists of the nose, nasal cavity, sinuses, pharynx, and larynx, while the lower tract consists of the trachea, bronchial tree, and lungs.

• The lower tract is responsible for gas exchange, while the upper tract is not involved in respiration.

• The upper tract is only found in humans, while the lower tract is found in all animals.

Open Ended

Describe the pathway of air from the nose to the lungs, naming the major structures it passes through.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are functions of the nasal cavity?

• Warming and moisturizing incoming air

• Filtering incoming air

• Supporting mucous membranes

• All of the above

Fill in the Blank

The scroll-shaped bones that divide the nasal cavity into passageways are called ___.

Open Ended

How do cilia and mucus work together to protect the respiratory tract from harmful particles?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a function of the paranasal sinuses?

• Serve as resonant chambers for the voice

• Reduce the weight of the skull

• Aid in producing sounds for speech

• Open into the nasal cavity

Multiple Select

Which of the following structures are part of the larynx?

• Thyroid cartilage

• Cricoid cartilage

• Epiglottic cartilage

• Maxillary sinus

Fill in the Blank

The opening between the true vocal cords is called the ___.

Multiple Choice

What determines the loudness of the sound produced by the vocal cords?

• The length of the vocal cords

• The force of air moving through the vocal cords

• The thickness of the mucous membrane

• The size of the larynx

Open Ended

Explain how the structure of the larynx helps prevent food from entering the trachea during swallowing.

Multiple Choice

Which structure supports the trachea and keeps the airway open?

• C-shaped cartilaginous rings

• Smooth muscle

• Alveoli

• Bronchioles

Open Ended

Describe the differences between the true vocal cords and false vocal cords, including their roles in sound production.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following are branches of the bronchial tree that directly enter a lobe of the lung?

• Lobar (secondary) bronchi

• Main (primary) bronchi

• Segmental (tertiary) bronchi

• Terminal bronchioles

Multiple Choice

What is the main function of the respiratory bronchioles?

• Perform gas exchange

• Produce mucus

• Support the trachea

• Transport blood

Fill in the Blank

The sites of gas exchange between air and blood in the lungs are called ___.

Open Ended

Explain how the structure of alveoli and their surrounding capillary networks facilitate efficient gas exchange.

Open Ended

Describe the pathway of air from the trachea to the alveoli, naming the major branches along the way.

Multiple Choice

Which structure in the alveoli is primarily responsible for gas exchange with the blood?

• Capillary

• Bronchiole

• Trachea

• Diaphragm

Multiple Select

Which of the following are characteristics of the bronchial tree as described in the slides?

• Presence of cartilage in trachea and bronchi

• Increase in smooth muscle as cartilage lessens

• Bronchodilation increases bronchiole diameter

• Alveoli consist of stratified squamous epithelium

Open Ended

Explain how the structure of the alveoli and their associated capillaries facilitates efficient gas exchange.

Fill in the Blank

Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the ___ during gas exchange.

Multiple Choice

How many lobes does the right lung have?

• 2

• 3

• 4

• 5

Multiple Choice

Which membrane directly covers the surface of each lung?

• Parietal pleura

• Visceral pleura

• Pericardium

• Serous fluid

Open Ended

What questions do you still have about how the respiratory system works or its functions?