Gravity and Inclined Planes

Inclined Planes

An inclined plane, also known as a ramp, is a flat supporting surface tilted at an angle, with one end higher than the other, used as an aid for raising or lowering a load.^[

The advantage of an inclined Plane

The mechanical advantage increases as the slope of the incline decreases. The load will have to be moved a greater distance but it will require less force. Again, work in equals work out in an entirely efficient system

Incline Planes

Inclined Planes

Learning Goal: Understand how Inclined Planes (a simple machine) can be used to reduce the amount of force to move an object.

• No moving parts

• A sloped surface used to move objects

• Changes the amount of force needed to move objects

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What is an inclined plane?

Load

The object that is being moved or lifted

Work

Work is the amount of force it takes to move an object over a distance.

Mechanical Advantage

The amount of help or advantage gained by using a simple machine

Slope

The steepness or gradient of an inclined plane that provides a mechanical advantage. 

An applied force to bring desired change to the position (push or lift) of the load.

Effort/ Force

a scale used to measure force in Newtons

Spring Scale

Inclined Plane

Any slope or ramp that makes it easier to lift something.

A flat supporting surface tilted at an angle, with one end higher than the other, that helps raise or lower a load.,

Ramp

The steeper the inclined plane, the more force needed. However, it is a shorter distance.

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​Steeper Inclined Planes

The less steep an inclined plane is, the less force is required to do the same amount of work, but distance increases.

When the distance a load has to travel increases, the force needed to move the load decreases.

​Less Steep Inclined Planes

Draw

Draw a inclined plane

Multiple Choice

Which is an inclined plane?

Multiple Choice

The inclined plane makes work easier by _____ the amount of effort that must be applied to raise or lower a load.

• increasing

• accelerating

• reducing

Multiple Select

How do simple machines make work easier ?

• They multiply the resistance to the applied force on the object.

• They change the direction of the force is applied on the object.

• They increase the amount of force that needs to be exerted on the object.

• They decrease the amount of force that needs to be exerted on the object.

• Change the distance of the applied force

Multiple Choice

Simple machine reduce the amount of work we must do.

• True

• False

Mechanical Advantage

The ideal mechanical advantage (IMA) of an inclined plane is the length of the incline divided by the vertical rise, the so-called run-to-rise ratio


The Actual Mechanical Advantage (AMA) Is what you actually get after frictional forces are introduced to the system in the real world.

Efficiency is the Actual MA divided by the Ideal MA x100

Inclined Planes

• An inclined plane is a flat supporting surface tilted at an angle, with one end higher than the other,

• An inclined plane is often used in real life applications to make moving heavy or delicate objects easier.

• When moving an object up a plane, it requires a consistent force to keep it moving.

• When moving an object down an inclined plane, like a slide, the object will fall slower than if simply dropped. 

Multiple Choice

Which inclined plane requires the most force to push the ball to the top?

Multiple Choice

What is a disadvantage of using an inclined plane to lift a heavy object?

• The object must be moved a greater distance.

• It takes less effort to move the object.

• Many objects are difficult to lift straight up.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following will require the most force to move the load up the inclined plane?

• c

• s

Multiple Choice

When force is used to move an object across a distance, this is called...

• balanced force

• power

• work

Multiple Choice

Which inclined plane requires the most effort to push the ball to the top?

If the inclined plane has a longer distance, it will require LESS force to do the same amount of work. ​

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Longer Inclined Planes

If an inclined plane has a shorter distance, it will require MORE force to do the same amount of work.

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Shorter Inclined Planes

Explanation Slide...

The longer the inclined plane, the less force is used to move those objects. This can be seen as the length of the inclined plane is associated with reducing the force to move objects the same height.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following will require the least force to move the load up the inclined plane?

Multiple Choice

What is a disadvantage of using an inclined plane to lift a heavy object?

• The object must be moved a greater distance.

• It takes less effort to move the object.

• Many objects are difficult to lift straight up.

Multiple Choice

How can you decrease the effort force needed to push a box to the top of the ramp?

• increase the length of the ramp

• increase the height of the ramp

• decrease the length of the ramp

Multiple Choice

Why would the longer ramp require less force?

• It spreads the force over distance

• It decreases the amount of work done

• It decreases the mass of the load

Multiple Choice

How does distance change the effort when using an inclined plane?

• as distance increases, effort decreases

• as distance decreases, effort decreases

• as distance increases, effort increases

Multiple Choice

The greatest amount of force is required to move the metal block up which inclined plane?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements best describes the situations?

• Less force will be needed to move the box in Situation 2

• Less force will be needed to move the box in Situation 1

• More force will be needed to move the box in Situation 2

• will take the same amount of force to move both boxes.

Multiple Choice

The longer the inclined plane, the ___________________ to move the object

• the less force you need

• the more force you need

Fill in the Blank

The ideal mechanical advanage of a road that is 12 km long and rises 8 km in elevation is_______________

Multiple Select

With an inclined plane you must move the object further.

• true

• false

Multiple Select

an inclined plane reduces the amount of work done.

• true

• false

Multiple Select

select all of the inclined planes

Multiple Select

What is the IMA of an inclined plane that is 5ft long and 2ft high?

• .4

• 2.5

• 10

• 25

Multiple Select

Is a staircase an inclined plane?

• yes

• no

Multiple Select

is a road an inclined plane?

• yes

• no