Lesson 2 Energy Transformations

What is Energy?

• Energy is the ability to do work or cause
change.
• Energy does not have mass or take up
space.
• Energy is visible only through the motion

of matter or other changes to matter that it
causes

​Energy Transformations Practice

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Multiple Choice

The Ability to do work or cause change

• Soil 
• Energy 
• Matter
• Math

Types of Energy

• Energy can be classified by its energy

form, the physical appearance that it takes
when observed interacting with matter.

• Energy is found in six different forms:

mechanical energy, chemical energy,
thermal energy, electrical energy, radiant
(or electromagnetic) energy, and nuclear
energy

Multiple Choice

Energy of motion is which type of energy?

• Potential
• Kinetic
• Sound
• Gravitational

Multiple Choice

Stored energy is called ______ energy.

• Kinetic
• Potential
• Pacific
• Safe

What is Mechanical Energy?

o Energy due to a
object’s motion (kinetic)
or position (potential).

The bowling ball has
mechanical energy.

When the ball strikes
the pins, mechanical
energy is transferred to
the pins!

Multiple Choice

What type of energy includes both kinetic and potential energy?

• mechanical energy
• chemical energy
• heat energy
• sound energy

What is Electromagnetic Energy?

o Light energy or Radiant energy

o Includes energy from
gamma rays, xrays,
ultraviolet rays, visible

light, infrared rays,
microwave and radio
bands

What is Electrical Energy?

o Energy caused
by

the movement of

electrons

o Easily transported
through power lines
and converted into
other forms of energy

What is Chemical Energy?

o Energy that is
available for release
from chemical

reactions.

The chemical bonds in
a matchstick store
energy that is

transformed into
thermal energy when
the match is struck.

Examples of Chemical Energy

What is Thermal Energy?

o Heat energy

o The heat energy of an
object determines how
active its atoms are.

A hot object is one whose atoms
and molecules are excited and
show rapid movement.

A cooler object's molecules and
atoms will show less

movement.

What is Nuclear Energy?

• Energy stored in the
nucleus of atoms
released either in the
nuclear fusion (fusing
two nuclei into one
nucleus) or fission

(breaking one nucleus
into two nuclei).

Examples of Nuclear Energy

• The sun
uses nuclear fusion
to create other energy
forms.

• Nuclear electric
power plants
use nuclear
fission to
create other
energy forms.

Categorize

Options (12)

Energy from gamma rays, visible light, X rays, radio and microwaves.

Heat energy of an object that determines how active its atoms are.

Energy found in the bonds of atoms from chemical reactions.

Energy caused by the movement of electrons

Energy emitted by the sun in the form of light and heat.

Energy transferred as heat between objects at different temperatures.

Energy stored in food that organisms use for growth and metabolism.

Energy stored in batteries that can be converted to electrical energy.

Energy generated by power plants to supply electricity.

Energy used in electrical circuits to power appliances.

the bright light of a candle

the heat released by a steaming bag of popcorn

Match the type of energy with corresponding descriptions.

Radiant Energy

Thermal Energy

Chemical Energy

Electrical Energy

Match

Match the following

• Mechanical Energy

• Radiant Energy

• Nuclear Energy

• Thermal Energy

• Chemical Energy

motion of skateboard from top to bottom

The bright light of candle

Energy within the nucleus of an atom

Heat released from a steaming cake

Bonds between atoms of an unlit match

• motion of skateboard from top to bottom

• The bright light of candle

• Energy within the nucleus of an atom

• Heat released from a steaming cake

• Bonds between atoms of an unlit match

Multiple Choice

A spring in a pinball machine before it is released is an example of:

• Gravitational Potential energy

• Chemical Potential energy

• Elastic Potential energy

Law of Conservation of Energy

• The law of conservation of energy
states that energy cannot be
destroyed, but only transformed
(converted) into different forms.

• For example, when sunlight
(radiant energy) falls on a plant,
the chlorophyll within the plant
converts the radiant energy into
chemical energy.

Multiple Choice

According to the Law of Conservation of Energy, energy cannot be ______ or _______

• destroyed, determined

• created, nuclear

• destroyed, remade

• created,destroyed

Dropdown

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it ​

Select answer

Energy Transformations

• The mechanical energy of motion, such
as in a roller coaster car, is usually
transformed into thermal energy by
friction (a force that opposes motion).

• When we eat, the chemical energy is
converted into either mechanical
energy (movement) or thermal
energy (body heat).

Multiple Choice

The force that acts in the opposite direction of motion when two surfaces come in contact. 

• Force
• Friction
• Static
• Kinetic 

Multiple Choice

What type of energy is stored in a battery?

• electrical
• chemical
• thermal
• mechanical

Multiple Choice

Identify the type of energy

• Thermal energy

• Sound energy

• Mechanical energy

• Electrical energy

Multiple Choice

Identify the type of energy

• Electrical Energy

• Mechanical energy

• Sound energy

• Thermal energy

Multiple Choice

Identify the type of energy

• Sound energy

• Thermal energy

• Mechanical energy

• Electrical energy

Multiple Choice

Identify the type of energy

• Thermal energy

• Mechanical energy

• Sound energy

• Electrical energy

Multiple Choice

The food we eat has _______________ potential energy because as our body digests it, it provides us with energy for basic metabolism.

• gravitational

• elastic

• nuclear

• chemical

Multiple Choice

Potential energy is often referred to as energy in motion.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Devin and Joseph are observing a skater, Christian, rolling downhill. They notice that Christian's ____ energy increases, while his ____ energy decreases as she skates downhill.

• kinetic, potential

• potential, kinetic

• stored, depleted

• stored, potential

Multiple Choice

An object vibrating produces what kind of energy?

• sound

• thermal

• mechanical

• electrical

Multiple Choice

When you rub your hands together quickly, you can feel warmth between your hands. Which statement explains why rubbing your hands together produce warmth.

• This action captures thermal energy from the environment.

• This action produces thermal energy through friction.

• This is an example of mechanical energy.

• This action produces mechanical energy.

Multiple Choice

What type of energy is electrons flowing through a wire?

• Electrical energy

• Chemical energy

• Kinetic energy

• Mechanical energy

Multiple Choice

Beginning with the battery, explain the energy transformation.

• chemical to electrical to light

• light to electrical to chemical

• light to chemical to electrical

Multiple Choice

Which type of energy transformation occurs when a flashlight shines?

• chemical → electrical → light
• thermal → chemical → light
• chemical → electrical → chemical

Multiple Choice

A hairdryer converts -- 

• electrical energy into chemical
• electrical energy into thermal
• chemical energy into mechanical

Multiple Choice

What type of energy transformation occurs when using an electric pencil sharpener?

• electrical to mechanical

• sound to electrical

• mechanical to electrical

• potential to sound

Multiple Choice

Which of the following shows the correct order of the energy transformations that occur when green plants produce their food from the Sun’s energy?

• chemical → thermal
• light → chemical
• thermal → light
• chemical → electrical

Multiple Choice

Solar Energy is transferred to _____ Energy.

• Mechanical
• Solar
• Sound
• Electrical

Multiple Choice

Electrical Energy is transferred to _____ Energy.

• Thermal
• Solar
• Electrical
• None

Multiple Choice

People get energy from the food that they eat and transform that energy as they move. Which energy transformations occur as a student rapidly rubs the palms of his hands together?

• mechanical to thermal to electrical
• chemical to mechanical to thermal
• mechanical to chemical to sound
• chemical to sound to electrical

Multiple Choice

The roller coaster cart has the most gravitational potential energy at position-

• W
• X
• Y
• Z

Multiple Choice

The picture showing the energy conversion

Chemical → heat

is:

Multiple Choice

________ energy is the energy that is possessed by an object due to its motion or due to its position.

• Potential

• Radiant

• Mechanical

• Thermal

Multiple Choice

________ energy is energy STORED in matter because of its CHEMICAL bonds. It is released during a chemical reaction (change).

• Thermal

• Radiant

• Mechanical

• Chemical

Multiple Choice

Photosynthesis goes through two energy transformations. What are the transformations?

• radiant

  chemical

• chemical

  radiant

• electrical

  nuclear

• radiant

  sound

Multiple Choice

What type of energy transformation is being shown in the image?

(eaten apple --> person riding a bike)

• chemical to light

• electrical to light

• chemical to mechanical

• light to heat (thermal)

Multiple Choice

What type of energy transformation is being shown in the image?

(sun --> tree)

• chemical to light

• electrical to light

• radiant to chemical

• light to heat (thermal)

Multiple Choice

Tarzan is swinging through the jungle looking for Jane. He is constantly moving back and forth..his kinetic energy is being changed to 

• electrical
• chemical
• potenital
• nuclear

Multiple Choice

Which energy transformation is shown in this picture?

• chemical -----> light

• light -----> mechanical

• mechanical -----> chemical

• chemical -----> mechanical

Multiple Choice

Which of the following transfers occurs when food is digested?

• Chemical to mechanical

• Mechanical to thermal

• Mechanical to solar

• Chemical to thermal

Multiple Choice

What is the energy transformation when watching TV

• Electrical to chemical and light

• Chemical to sound and electrical

• Electrical to light and sound

• Light to electrical and sound

Multiple Choice

What type of energy transformation occurs when a hawk eats a mouse then uses the energy from the mouse to fly?

• mechanical to potential

• mechanical to chemical to thermal

• chemical to mechanical

• chemical to thermal to kinetic

Multiple Choice

Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom. Also known as atomic energy is

• electrical energy

• thermal energy

• element energy

• nuclear energy

Multiple Choice

The roller coaster cart has the most kinetic energy at position

• X

• W

• Y

• Z

Multiple Choice

What type of energy transformation in an electric hot plate is plugged in?

• electrical to light

• mechanical to electrical to light

• thermal to mechanical to light

• electrical to thermal

Multiple Choice

Which of the following device transforms electrical energy into mechanical energy?

• a fan

• a manually operated pencil sharpener

• an apple ipod

• a apple iPhone X

Multiple Choice

Which of the following energy transformations occur when a lamp that is plugged in the wall outlet is working properly?

• electrical to light

• chemical to light

• chemical to electrical

• electrical to thermal

Multiple Choice

On a rollercoaster, where is maximum kinetic energy?

• At the top of the big hill

• At the bottom of a big hill

• On the way up a big hill

• At the top of the hill ,where the car stops for a brief moment

Multiple Choice

Gravitational potential energy depends on the______ and ______ of the object.

• force, energy

• speed, height

• mass, speed

• height, mass

Multiple Choice

Plants turn_______ energy into _______ energy for food.

• thermal, mechanical

• radiant, chemical

• electromagnetic, light

• potential, kinetic

Multiple Choice

Turning on a lamp is an example of energy transformation from electrical to 3 forms of energy. Which of these is NOT created by the lamp?

• thermal

• electrical

• chemical

• electromagentic

Multiple Choice

What type of energy is represented in the picture?

• potential

• chemical

• thermal

• mechanical

Multiple Choice

What energy transformations take place when a battery operated radio is in use?

• electrical to chemical to sound

• thermal to nuclear to electrical

• chemical to electrical to sound

• chemical to sound to thermal

Multiple Choice

Where would this baseball have the least amount of kinetic energy?

• W

• X

• Y

• Z

Multiple Choice

Where would this baseball have the greatest amount of kinetic energy?

• W

• X

• Y

• Z

Multiple Choice

When a pendulum swings, at which point is kinetic energy highest?

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

Multiple Choice

What increases as the passengers in the coaster go up the hill?

• fear
• potential energy
• kinetic energy

Multiple Choice

Which object on the shelf has the greatest potential energy?

• the red vase on the second shelf
• the blue vase on the top shelf
• the white box on the bottom shelf

Multiple Choice

Which is the best example that something has kinetic energy?

• a. a car parked on a steep hill 
• b. a tennis ball rolling across the court
• c. a picture hanging on the wall 
• d. a piece of coal before it's burned 

Multiple Choice

As mass increases, KE ...

• increases
• decreases
• stays the same

Multiple Choice

As a boulder rolls from the top of a hill to the bottom, how does its potential and kinetic energy change?

• Potential and kinetic energy both increase.

• Potential energy increases and kinetic energy decreases.

• Potential energy decreases and kinetic energy increases.

• Potential and kinetic energy both increase.

Multiple Choice

Conservation of energy means that

• energy can be created but not destroyed

• energy can be destroyed but not created

• energy can be both created and destroyed

• energy can be neither created nor destroyed

Multiple Select

A baseball just before being released by the pitcher.

• potential energy

• kinetic energy

Multiple Choice

• Potential Energy
• Kinetic Energy

Multiple Choice

Which passenger has the most potential energy?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

When you compress a spring, you are storing __________ energy.

• sound

• elastic

• light

• chemical

Multiple Choice

• Potential Energy
• Kinetic Energy