Lesson #13: The Age of Innovation & Industry

Poll

To get an idea of the significance of some of the inventions of this period, compare the impact of a few of the inventions today to how inventions around the turn of the century might have affected people's lives.

Which do you think had a greater impact on the people of its time:

• Bluetooth speaker

• phonograph

Poll

To get an idea of the significance of some of the inventions of this period, compare the impact of a few of the inventions today to how inventions around the turn of the century might have affected people's lives.

Which do you think had a greater impact on the people of its time:

• cell phones

• telegraph

Poll

To get an idea of the significance of some of the inventions of this period, compare the impact of a few of the inventions today to how inventions around the turn of the century might have affected people's lives.

Which do you think had a greater impact on the people of its time:

• the internet

• electricity

Open Ended

Think about this question: What are the three most important innovations, or inventions, of your lifetime?

Write a one- or two-sentence description explaining how each innovation has affected or changed your life.

Dropdown

Thomas Alva Edison was known as the ​​

Select answer

because of his advancements in electrical lighting. He developed a lightbulb filament made of ​ ​

Select answer

that would not melt when electric current passed through it. Edison and other inventors helped the United States move into a new period of ​

Select answer

after the Civil War.

Multiple Choice

What two inventions lead to the creation of taller skyscrapers?

• cheaper/stronger steel & the assembly line

• cheaper/stronger steel & elevators

• the assembly line & monopolies

• cheaper/stronger steel & the telephone

Categorize

Options (6)

the telephone

the refrigerator

longer bridges

taller buildings

machinery lubrication

gasoline for automobiles

Match each phrase to the invention that led to its existence.

Oil Drilling

The Bessemer Process

Electricity

Open Ended

Which invention do you think had the greatest impact on America in the 1800s: oil drilling, the Bessemer process, or electricity? Give at least two reasons to justify your choice.

Multiple Choice

By 1927 Henry Ford had created...

• 15 million Model Ts

• 30 million Model Ts

• 5 million Model Ts

• 1 million Model Ts

Multiple Select

How did business owners reduce competition during the expansion of industry in the late 1800s? (Select all that apply)

• by forming corporations

• by buying out or bankrupting competitors

• by increasing their factors of production

• by forming trusts

Multiple Select

Select all of the TRUE statements

• Horizontal integration involves taking control of each step in the production and distribution of a product.

• Horizontal integration involves joining together as many firms in the same industry as possible.

• Laissez-faire is a policy based upon heavy government regulation of business.

• The Sherman Antitrust Act outlaws trusts and monopolies.

• Social Darwinism argues that government should leave businesses alon to succeed or fail on their own.

Open Ended

Why did the government adopt a laissez-faire policy toward business during this time?

Open Ended

Why do some historians call industrialists robber barons? Which industrialists from this lesson do you think would be considered robber barons, and why?

Open Ended

Why do some historians call industrialists captains of industry? Which industrialists from this lesson do you think would be considered captains of industry, and why?

Multiple Choice

What was the reasoning behind the name "The Gilded Age"?

• The gold industry in the United States was booming during this time period.

• All Americans prospered during this time period.

• Industrialists such as Andrew Carnegie appeared to be extremely wealthy, however were actually in large amounts of debt.

• Big business owners were prospering and living lavishly amid corruption and social unrest.

Match

Match the terms to the categories to which they apply.

• entreprenures, philanthropists, Vanderbilt, Carnegie, and Rockefeller

• telegraph, telephone, & the Bessemer Process

• social Darwinism, government's hands-off approach

• horizontal integration & vertical integration

Gilded Age

Innovations and Inventions

Laissez-faire

New business techniques

• Gilded Age

• Innovations and Inventions

• Laissez-faire

• New business techniques

Match

Match the following

• a method of steelmaking invented in 1855 that enabled steel to be made more cheaply and quickly

• a corporate expansion strategy that involves controlling each step in the production and distribution of a product, from acquiring raw materials to manufacturing, packaging, and shipping

• a corporate expansion strategy that involves joining together as many firms from the same industry as possible

Bessemer Process

vertical integration

horizontal intergration

• Bessemer Process

• vertical integration

• horizontal intergration

Match

Match the following

• the idea that the free market, through supply and demand, will regulate itself if government does not interfere

• an idea, based on Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, that the best-run businesses led by the most capable people will survive and prosper

• an 1890 federal law that outlawed trusts, monopolies, and other forms of business that restricted trade

Laissez-faire

social Darwinism

Sherman Anti-Trust Act

• Laissez-faire

• social Darwinism

• Sherman Anti-Trust Act