Unit 2: Gilded Age Review

Immigration + Big Business

PGISD 2024-2025

Political Machines

SS.912.A.3.11 - Analyze the impact of political machines in United States cities in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Multiple Choice

To win elections, political machines depended mainly on the ____________ of the immigrants.

• jobs

• votes

• housing

• language

Multiple Choice

The most famous political machine was Tammany Hall in New York lead by-

• Bill the Butcher

• Andrew Carnegie

• William "Boss" Tweed

• John D Rockefeller

Multiple Choice

Why are political machines an example of corruption in the Gilded Age?

• They made sure unions could not protect workers from management

• They forced immigrants into the US from Latin America

• They took control of city governments and stole millions of dollars from the cities

• They prevented immigrants from being Americanized

Immigration to America

What was it like in America for immigrants?

Many immigrants came to America based on Push and Pull Factors.
-For example, many were pushed from their home countries because of political issues. Many were pulled to America for job opportunities.

Once here, immigrants faced drawn-out processing. Most immigrants moved to the city.
Immigrants were faced with discrimination, crowded living areas, crime, language barriers, and low pay. However, many were thankful to be in the United States.

Multiple Choice

Once in America, where did most immigrants typically move to?

• Rural areas

• Suburbs

• Urban cities

• Small towns

Exclusion Act and Nativists

Chinese Exclusion Act

Nativists were a group of Americans who were anti-immigration. Mainly due to racist ideals and scapegoating, they blamed their lack of jobs and issues in America on immigrants, mainly the Chinese.

The Chinese Exclusion limited the number of Chinese immigrants coming into America.

Multiple Choice

What was the primary purpose of the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882?

• To encourage Chinese immigration

• To limit the number of Chinese immigrants entering the United States

• To promote Chinese businesses in the U.S.

• To grant citizenship to Chinese immigrants

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the term "nativists" during the late 19th and early 20th centuries?

• Supporters of indigenous rights

• Advocates for immigration reform

• People who opposed immigration and favored native-born Americans

• Individuals who promoted cultural diversity

Captains of Industry or Robber Barons?

Individuals such as Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller became American billionaires. Many considered their success due to their intelligence and ability. Some, however, believed them to have made their money on the back of American laborers.

Regardless, these individuals utilized monopolistic practices such as horizontal integration or vertical integration.

A business owns each step of production in order to control the industry. They own all the supplies used to create the product.

​

Vertical Integration

A business buys out all competition.

Horizontal Integration

Multiple Choice

What is the primary goal of vertical integration?

• To increase market share by acquiring competitors

• To control all stages of production and distribution

• To diversify the company's product line

• To reduce reliance on external suppliers

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of horizontal integration?

• A car manufacturer acquiring a steel plant

• A retail chain opening its own manufacturing unit

• A tech company acquiring another tech company

• A food company starting its own delivery service

Many of the Robber Barons contributed their success on God's support. Despite their cut-throat tactics, they believe God supported the wealthy and punished the non-wealthy by making them poor.

​

Social Darwinism

Open Ended

What is Social Darwinism?

Immigration, Urbanization, and Industrialization

Industrialization: factories manufacturing more products

Urbanization:
Going from RURAL to URBAN. When people move from the country to the city.

Immigration, Urbanization, and Industrialization

They all relate to one another.

Because there was an increase in industrialization with the rise in factories...
More immigrants came to America to work in these factories.

Urban cities grew because more immigrants came to America to work in factories.

Dropdown

Due to the rise in factories, ​

Select answer

increased. Because there were more factories, more ​

Select answer

came to America. Since there was a rise of people working in America, there was an increase in cities or​

Select answer

.

Open Ended

What were working conditions like in the factories? (3B)

Multiple Choice

What is urbanization? (3C)

• increase in agricultural land.

• the decline of urban areas.

• the process of moving from rural (country) to urban areas.

• Urbanization is the process of moving from cities to rural (country) areas.

Multiple Choice

What is industrialization? (3C)

• reducing manufacturing jobs.

• growth of agricultural practices.

• a service-based economy.

• an economy focused on manufacturing and factory industries.

Open Ended

What is the purpose of labor unions? (3B)