The Early Hebrews

Chapter 7 The Hebrews and Judaism

Section 1 - The Early Hebrews

• ​First appeared

  • 2000-1500 BCE

  • Mesopotamia

• Tanahk

  • Hebrew Bible

  • The main source of information

Origins of the Hebrews

• Rejected polytheistic gods of Mesopotamia

• Commanded by God to leave his home

• Promised his family would become a powerful nation

Father Abraham

• Canaan - "The Promised Land"

  • Near the Mediterranean Sea

  • Prosperous for a time

• Egypt

  • Put into slavery for several generations

​​Settlement

Multiple Choice

What is the main source of information about the Hebrews?

• Torah
• Talmud
• Tanakh

• Pentateuch

Multiple Choice

Who do Hebrews believe commanded Abraham to leave Mesopotamia?

• God
• Muhammad
• Jesus
• Moses

Multiple Choice

Where did Abraham and the Hebrews settle?

• Egypt
• Babylon
• Persia
• Canaan

• Leader of the Hebrews in Egypt

• Demanded freedom from slavery

  • Hebrews believe God sent plagues and miracles to convince Pharoah to free them

• Exodus

  • Journey out of Egypt

• Took 40 years to get back to Canaan

Moses and the Exodus

Reorder

Reorder the following

• Abraham settles in Canaan

• Hebrews become slaves in Egypt

• Deadly plagues occur in Egypt

• Moses leads Hebrews out of Egypt

• Hebrews return to Canaan

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

The Ten Commandments

• Core beliefs of Judaism

• Given to Moses by God

• Shaped every aspect of Hebrew life

  • Promised to be monotheistic

  • Value human life and relationships

  • Practice self-control

Open Ended

How did the Ten Commandments shape daily life for Hebrews?​ ​ ​

Kings Unite the Israelites

• Invaded mid-1000s BCE

• 12 tribes agreed to select a king to lead them into battle

• Saul

  • First king; powerful military leader but weak king

Philistine Threat

• Small scattered communities

• Did not work together or get along very well

• Weak and open to invasion

12 Tribes

Kings Unite the Israelites

• David's son

• Made Israel rich by trading with Egyptian and Phoenician allies

• Built a grand temple in Jerusalem to worship God

Solomon

• Defeated the giant Goliath and the Philistines

• Loved and respected by everyone

• Powerful soldier and king

• Established the capital in Jerusalem

David

Match

Match the following person to the action they performed.

• First king of Israel

• Established the capital of Israel in Jerusalem

• Made Israel very wealthy through trade

• Led the Hebrews out of slavery in Egypt

• Settled the Hebrew people in the land of Canaan

Saul

David

Solomon

Moses

Abraham

• Saul

• David

• Solomon

• Moses

• Abraham

Dispersal of the Jews

• Kingdom divided into two after Solomon died

  • Israel - Northern Kingdom

  • Judah - Southern Kingdom

    • Where the name "Jews" comes from

• Both kingdoms defeated

  • Temple in Jerusalem destroyed

• Jews taken into slavery in Babylon for 50 years

  • Rebuilt Temple upon their return

  • Kingdom never returned to its former glory

Multiple Choice

What happened to the kingdom after Solomon died?

• The kingdom split into two separate kingdoms: Israel and Judah.

• The kingdom of Israel remained united.
• The kingdom of Israel grew by conquering other nations.

• The kingdom of Israel became a republic.

• Maccabees

  • Jewish family that led a successful rebellion against Persian overlords

  • Ruled for about 100 years

• Jews conquered by the Romans

  • Harsh rulers with no respect for Jewish traditions

​

Independence and Conquest

Multiple Choice

After their successful rebellion, how long did the Maccabees rule for?

• 100 years
• 50 years
• 200 years
• 10 years

Open Ended

What is something new you learned from this lesson?