Mr. Bradley's Ecology

ECOLOGY by Mr. Bradley

Energy Flow In Ecosystems

Multiple Choice

All living things get their energy from which of the following sources?

• food

• water

• sun

Multiple Choice

What does luster mean?

• Breaks into pieces

• can be hammered into thin sheets

• No shine

• reflects light, shiny 

Multiple Choice

What does brittle mean?

• Breaks into pieces

• can be hammered into thin sheets

• No shine

• reflects light shiny 

Multiple Choice

What is krypton?

• element

• compound

• mixture

Multiple Choice

When two or more elements chemically combine

• element

• compound

• mixture

• solution

Multiple Choice

What is the job of the cell wall in bacteria?

• To provide protection

• To make protiens

• To hold organelles in place

• To hold water and nutrients

Multiple Choice

What is the most outside part of a bacterium?

• Ribosome

• Cytoplasm

• Cell membrane

• Cell wall

Multiple Choice

Which cell part is the thin, flexible covering of a cell that is semi-permeable?

• Cell membrane

• Cell wall

• DNA

• Cytoplasm

Multiple Choice

All bacteria have DNA. 

• true

• false

Multiple Choice

Which statement about bacteria is true?

• All bacteria are prokaryotes

• All bacteria are eukaryotes

• All bacteria are autotrophs

• All bacteria are heterotrophs

How Energy Flows

• Energy flows through an ecosystems in one direction

• Starting with the sun or chemical compounds

• Then to autotrophs(producers)

• Then to various heterotrophs(consumers)

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is another word for a plant?

• autotroph
• heterotroph
• consumer

Multiple Select

What are autotrophs

• organisms that produce their own food

• producers

• organisms that consume what they eat

• consumers

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an organism that eats only meat?

• herbivore
• carnivore
• omnivore

Multiple Choice

Where does the energy flow start in an ecosystem?

• autotrophs

• heterotrophs

• the sun

Multiple Choice

Which of the following terms describes an area where an organism lives?

• community
• habitat
• area

Food Chains

• Food chains show how matter and energy move through ecosystems in a series of steps

• Each step shows which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten

• The arrows show who is being transferred the energy (who is doing the eating)

Multiple Choice

Which is represented by all of the bullfrogs living around a pond?

• community
• habitat
• population

Food Chains

• Each organisms in a food chain represents a feeding step, or trophic level, in the transfer of matter and energy

Multiple Choice

What would most likely happen if the rabbit population was removed from the food chain grass —› rabbit —› fox?

• their would be more grass
• there would be less rabbits
• there would be more fox

Multiple Choice

Food chains show you what?

• What organisms like to do

• How organisms grow and reproduce

• how matter and energy move through ecosystems

Multiple Choice

Which is an example of a parasitic relationship?

• a bee pollinates a flower
• a tapeworm takes nutrients from a dog
• an orchid lives in a tree but does not harm the tree

Multiple Choice

In which type of relationship do both species benefit?

• parasitism
• mutualism
• commensalism

Food Webs

Models that show all possible feeding relationships at each trophic level in a community; links all food chains in an ecosystem together.

Multiple Choice

Barnacles grow on whales.  Whales give the barnacles a place to live but the barnacles do not help or harm the whale.  Which type of relationship is this?

• commensalism
• mutualism
• parasitiesm

Multiple Choice

An oxpecker bird eats ticks off of a zebra.  The bird gets food from eating the ticks and the zebra has harmful parasites removed.  Which type of symbiosis is this?

• mutualism
• parasitism
• commensalism

Trophic Levels

• Notice that producers are always on the bottom of the energy pyramid

• We call consumers on the first level Primary Consumers

• We call consumers on the next level Secondary Consumers

• We call consumers on the next level Tertiary Consumers

Multiple Choice

What is always on the bottom level of energy pryamid?

• primary consumers

• secondary consumers

• autotrophs (producers)

• heterotrophs (consumers)

Multiple Choice

What do we call consumers that consume autotrophs (producers)?

• Primary Consumers

• Secondary Consumers

• Tertiary Consumers

Trophic Levels

Energy is passed up a food chain or food web from lower to higher trophic levels.

Generally only about 10% of the energy at one level is available to the next level.

The rest of the energy is used for metabolic process or given off as heat to the environment.

Multiple Select

How much energy is transferred to the next trophic level?

• 10%

• 90%

Multiple Select

What happens to 90% of the energy in each trophic level?

• It turns into chemical energy

• It is lost as heat.

• It is used for metabolic processes

• All of the energy is used and none of it moves to another level