Unit 8 Exam Review

Genetics Review

Vocabulary, mendelian traits, complex inheritance, pedigrees, karyotypes, and genetic disorders

Match

Match the following terms to their definitions

• genotype

• homozygous

• dominant

• polygenic

• gene expression

refers to the allele combination for a trait (Aa, BB, RW)

describes a genotype whose paired alleles are identical (aa, bb)

describes a trait whose expression requires only one allele

refers to a pattern of inheritance in which one trait is influenced by many genes

refers to the transcription and translation of genes into proteins

• refers to the allele combination for a trait (Aa, BB, RW)

• describes a genotype whose paired alleles are identical (aa, bb)

• describes a trait whose expression requires only one allele

• refers to a pattern of inheritance in which one trait is influenced by many genes

• refers to the transcription and translation of genes into proteins

Multiple Choice

Which genotypes are possible from two heterozygous parents?

• 100% heterozygous

• 100% homozygous dominant

• 50% homozygous dominant, 50% homozygous recessive

• 25% homozygous dominant, 50% heterozygous, and 25% homozygous recessive

Multiple Choice

How can two organisms have the same phenotype but different genotypes?

• One organism is heterozygous, and the other organism is hybrid.

• One organism is heterozygous, and the other organism is homozygous recessive.

• One organism is homozygous dominant, and the other organism is homozygous recessive.

• One organism is homozygous dominant, and the other organism is heterozygous.

Create a punnett square

A dog that is homozygous recessive for a dwarf allele (dd) is mated with a dog that is homozygous dominant (DD-normal size). What will be the phenotype of the offspring?

Hotspot

Which shows the correct Punnett square for the dog breeding scenario?

Multiple Choice

What will be the phenotype of the offspring?

• 100% dominant

• 100% recessive

• 50% dominant and 50% recessive

Read the scenario:

In mice, black fur is dominant over white fur. A mouse with black fur is mated with a mouse with white fur. They produce 11 offspring, 10 of which have black fur and 1 of which has white fur. Task: Create a Punnett square that shows how this is possible.

Hotspot

Which of these crosses DOES NOT allow for the possibility of white offspring?

Hotspot

Which of these crosses DOES allow for the possibility of white offspring?

Multiple Choice

So if the black mouse and white mouse had at least one white offspring, which genotype is accurate for the black parent mouse?

• bb

• BB

• Bb

Drag and Drop

Traits that are influenced by ​

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genes are described as ​

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.

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

multiple

polygenic

single

multiple-allele

codominant

Match

Match the following...

• incomplete dominance

• codominance

• multiple allele traits

• sex-linked traits

• autosomal traits

when 3 phenotypes are possible, and the heterozygote is blended

when 3 phenotypes are possible, and the heterozygote is spotted

when more than two alleles exist for a trait

when the genes for a trait are inherited on the X or Y chromosome

when the genes for a trait are inherited on chromosome pairs 1-22

• when 3 phenotypes are possible, and the heterozygote is blended

• when 3 phenotypes are possible, and the heterozygote is spotted

• when more than two alleles exist for a trait

• when the genes for a trait are inherited on the X or Y chromosome

• when the genes for a trait are inherited on chromosome pairs 1-22

Multiple Choice

If snapdragons can be red, white, or pink, in which scenario is a breeder most likely to get white-flowered offspring?

• two pink parents

• one red parent and one white parent

• two white parents

• two red parents

Drag and Drop

In the snapdragon example there are ​

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distinct ​

Placeholder

. Since the heterozygote (RW) is ​

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in appearance (pink), this inheritance pattern is ​

Placeholder

.

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

3

phenotypes

blended

incomplete dominance

codominance

spotted

Review the ABO blood group genotypes and phenotypes

There are 4 phenotypes, which means this is a multiple allele trait...

Multiple Select

Select the genotypes that would produce a type A phenotype:

• I^AI^A

• I^Ai

• I^AI^B

• ii

Hotspot

Select the genotypes that contain the "i" allele:

Multiple Choice

What percentage of offspring from a cross between a homozygous Type A parent with a heterozygous Type A parent is expected to contain the i allele?

• 0%

• 25%

• 50%

• 100%

Multiple Choice

What type of traits are colorblindness and hemophilia?

• autosomal dominant

• autosomal recessive

• sex-linked

• polygenic

Multiple Choice

A man, who has red-green colorblindness, and his wife, who is a carrier for colorblindness, have a colorblind son. What is the probability that their next son will also be colorblind?

• 0%

• 25%

• 50%

• 100%

Did you do a punnett square to answer that question?

Hotspot

Choose the genotype that would allow a couple of have one normal son and one son with hemophilia:

Multiple Choice

What is suggested by the fact that only males are affected in this pedigree?

• it's an autosomal trait

• it's a sex-linked trait

• it's fake news

Multiple Choice

A man with hemophilia marries an unaffected woman. What percentage of their children will have the disease?

• 0%

• 50%

• 100%

Multiple Select

Heart disease and cancer have a genetic basis, meaning some are more likely to develop these conditions than others. There's also an environmental influence. Select the healthy habits that would help to prevent diseases like these:

• regular exercise

• using sunscreen

• avoiding processed foods

• eliminating phenylalanine from the diet

Multiple Choice

Diagnose the patient with respect to sex and chromosome abnormalities:

• female with down's syndrome

• male with down's syndrome

• female with Turner's syndrome

• male with Klinefelter's syndrome