WH PDOL 7 Review

​WH PDOL 7 Review

Multiple Choice

What lead to the fall of the Ottoman Empire?

• World War I

• Economic Disaster

• Plague

• French Revolution

Multiple Choice

Which concept is found in a democratic republic form of government?

• King or queen with unlimited power

• Representative governing body

• Rule by a few, especially the wealthy

• Governing control of every aspect of life

Multiple Choice

The concept of the “divine right of kings” supports which political system?

• Oligarchy

• Limited monarchy

• Absolute monarchy

• Democratic republican

​Though by the late 1500s, Spain’s power on the European continent was beginning to wane, King Philip II continued to hold tight control over the empire. He wanted to control the lives of his people. Philip and others who ruled in the same way were called absolute monarchs. They believed in holding all power. They also believed in divine right. This is the idea that a ruler receives the right to rule from God.

Widespread unrest in Europe in the 17th century led to an increase in absolute rule, or absolutism, and its restrictions. Absolute rulers used their increased power to impose order. They wanted to free themselves from the limitations imposed by the nobility and government bodies. 

Multiple Choice

Adam Smith was not in favor of the British system of mercantilism because it —

• maximized the use of natural resources

• employed a large number of agricultural workers

• restricted free trade and competition

• encouraged an inefficient system of production

​ Adam Smith

• ​Born in Kirkcaldy Scotland in 1723

• He studied and later taught literature, logic, and moral philosophy

• ( remember there was no such study or subject of economics at this time)

• ​He travelled to France and met many European Enlightenment writers and thinkers

• ​He challenged the idea of mercantallism

• ​He argued that a nation would be wealthier if it engaged in free trade

• ​No other Economist has had as much influence as Adam Smith, yet he would not have even considered himself an Economist

Multiple Choice

During the Age of Enlightenment, affluent women hosted social gatherings called salons, which —

• challenged ideas about traditional gender roles

• established all-female schools

• published newspapers

• provided financial support to philosophers

Multiple Choice

Nevertheless a prince ought to inspire fear in such a way that, if he does not win love, he avoids hatred; because he can endure very well being feared whilst he is not hated, which will always be as long as he abstains from the property of his citizens and subjects and from their women.  

—Niccolo Machiavelli, The Prince

According to the excerpt from The Prince, Machiavelli argues that —

• for a ruler to maintain control, he must exercise constant involvement in his subjects’ lives

• for a ruler to maintain control, he must exercise constant involvement in his subjects’ lives

• leaders should be feared and loved, but if one must choose, then to be feared is better than to be loved

• the function of government should be similar to strengthening the trunk of a tree by weakening the branches

Multiple Choice

This political event that took place in 1688 in England was highlighted in the reading as a pivotal moment in the development of Enlightenment thought.

• The English Civil War

• The American Revolution

• The French Revolution

• The Glorious Revolution

Multiple Choice

Who was the founder of the Mughal Empire

• Akbar

• Babur

• Shah Abbas 

• Osmans

Multiple Choice

He is considered the greatest of the Mughal emperors of India. He reigned from 1556 to 1605 and extended Mughal power over most of the Indian subcontinent. In order to preserve the unity of his empire, he adopted programs that won the loyalty of the non-Muslim populations of his realm.

• Gandhi

• Akbar

• Nur Jahan

• Babur

​In 1494, an 11-year-old boy named Babur, who counted both Timur the Lame and Genghis Khan as ancestors, inherited a kingdom in Central Asia. It was only a tiny kingdom in central Asia, and his elders soon took it away and drove him south. But Babur built up an army. In the years that followed, he opted to destroy the Dehli Sultanate in India, laying the foundation for the vast Mughal Empire.

After Babur’s death, his incompetent son, Humayun, lost most of the territory Babur had gained. Babur’s 13-year-old grandson, Akbar, followed Humayan.

Multiple Choice

This Italian traveled to the court of Kublai Khan and wrote of his journeys.

• Christopher Columbus

• Marco Polo

• Kublai Khan

• Genghis Khan

Multiple Choice

Which grievance was shared by both French and American revolutionaries?

• The inequality of women

• Unfair taxation practices

• Starvation because of food shortages

• Frequent public executions of citizens