Trojan War to Alexander the Great Review

Trojan War to Alexander the Great Review

The Start of Greek Mythology​

After the Trojan war, the Mycenaean civilization disappeared. Theories were that they were taken over by the Dorians. While the Dorians ruled, the written language was lost. Greek Bards traveled to tell the stories of Mycenaeans. This ultimately led to embellishments that turned into myths. Bards the spread the myths and legends of heroes and the Olympians. The most famous epics, the Iliad and the Odyssey, were written by a blind poet named Homer around 750 B.C.​

The Start of Greek Mythology​

Myth - a story with a "kick" that explains why things are the way they are (why does the sun rise?) or give a lesson (if you're good, good things happen)​

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Greek myths were centered around the Greek Gods/Goddesses.​

Multiple Choice

Greek Gods/Goddesses were called

• mycenaeans

• titans

• odyssians

• olympians

Multiple Choice

Greek Gods/Goddesses supposedely lived on

• mt. saint helen

• mt. olympus

• athens

• sparta

Multiple Choice

_________ was the god of thunder and lightening

• Hades

• Apollo

• Poseidon

• Zeus

Multiple Choice

_________ was the god of the seas and earthquakes

• Hades

• Apollo

• Poseidon

• Zeus

Multiple Choice

_________ was the god of the underworld

• Hades

• Apollo

• Poseidon

• Zeus

Multiple Choice

_________ was the god of sun and light

• Hades

• Apollo

• Poseidon

• Zeus

Multiple Choice

_________ was the goddess of love

• Aphrodite

• Artemis

• Athena

• Hera

Multiple Choice

_________ was the goddess of marriage

• Aphrodite

• Artemis

• Athena

• Hera

Multiple Choice

_________ was the goddess of war

• Aphrodite

• Artemis

• Athena

• Hera

Multiple Choice

_________ was the goddess of "the hunt"

• Aphrodite

• Artemis

• Athena

• Hera

After the Dark Ages...

Dorian rule came to an end when the Greeks banded together and kicked the Dorians out of Greece. After the Greek Dark Ages, villages started to band together to create city-states, in part for protection and in part for more organized trade​.

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The city-states of Athens and Sparta began to rise.​

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Types of Government in Ancient Greece

Each city-state had their own government and military. Multiple types of governments rose including

• Monarchy

• ​Oligarchy

• ​Tyranny

• Democracy​

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Multiple Choice

Athens was a ________

• monarchy

• oligarchy

• tyranny

• democracy

Multiple Choice

Sparta was a ________

• monarchy

• oligarchy

• tyranny

• democracy

Athens vs Sparta

As Athens and Sparta both grew and got stronger, tensions rose between the two city-states over their different ideals. Athens wanted to prove they were the better city-state.​

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Multiple Choice

_________ focused on trade and education

• Athens

• Sparta

Multiple Choice

_________ focused on military

• Athens

• Sparta

Multiple Choice

This city-state had slaves as farmers

• Athens

• Sparta

Multiple Choice

Sparta required men to begin military training and stay in the military from

• 7-30 years old

• 14-30 years old

• 16-the rest of their life

Multiple Choice

When Athens and Sparta finally fought in battle, this city-state won

• Athens

• Sparta

Multiple Choice

Sparta burned Athens to the ground

• true

• false

The Next War...​

After Athens and Sparta fought, Athens became involved in some revolts ​in the Ionian-states against their conquerors, the Persian Empire.

​Persia quickly put out the revolts, but they were still mad at Athens for getting involved.​

Persia decided to get back at Athens and there was the "Battle of Marathon​

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Multiple Choice

who won the battle of marathon?

• persia

• athens

• sparta

Persia wants more revenge

King Xerxes decided to get revenge on Athens for defeating his father's army. This leads to more battles

• Battle of Therm​opylae

• Battle of Salamis

• Battle of Plateau ​

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​Athens seeks help from Sparta

Multiple Choice

Who wins the Battle of Thermopylae

• athens

• persia

Multiple Choice

Who wins the Battle of Salamis

• athens

• persia

Multiple Choice

Who wins the Battle of Plateau

• athens

• persia

​Golden Age of Greece

​After the Persian war, Athens rebuilds and during the time of peace, Greece makes great advancements in Art

Architecture

Literature

Politics

Philosophy

Science

History

A method of thought used

to make sense of the

world in a

secular/non-religious way​

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Athens laid the basis

for modern European

civilization

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​Philosophy

Socrates, Pluto, Artistotle, etc.​

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all began asking questions to better understand the world and spread their ideas around Greece. ​

​Philosophy

Although Athens flourished during the Golden Ages,​ at the same time there was some tension. Athens and Sparta had come together in the Persian Wars, but it would not last long. Each created their own Leagues of alliances between Greek city-states

​Peloponnesian War

Multiple Choice

Athens created the ________

• Delian League

• Peloponnesian League

445 BCE – a 30-year peace

treaty was signed between

Sparta and Athens to ease

tensions

​

Lasted only 15 years before

war broke out​

​Peloponnesian War

​421-403 BCE – longest, most bitter and costly war the Greeks ever fought

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Began over trading conflicts between Athens and Corinth Sparta and its allies had the advantage on land, Athens at sea

​After years of fighting, Athens is left weakened

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404 BCE – After an eight-month siege, Athens surrenders

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​Peloponnesian War

​Sparta spares Athens and is

acknowledged as the leader in Greece in

all matters of peace and war

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Thebes and Corinth had pressured Sparta

to wipe out the city

​The Peloponnesian

war ended Athenian

greatness – democracy

became corrupt

Sparta tried to

dominate Greece

Corinth joined Athens

to resist Sparta

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​Peloponnesian War

Thebes, adopting a new

military style, defeated

Sparta and became the

power in Greece for a

brief period

Greece was left vulnerable

to invasion

Cultural development

ended​

Seeing that Greece is at an all time weakness, Macedon decided to use the opportunity to take over. All of Greece is taken over, except Sparta.

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Soon after being conquered, the king of Macedon dies, leaving the empire to his son Alexander, who then expands the empire even more and he becomes known and Alexander the Great.​

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​In comes Macedon

​Alexander the Great quickly expanded his father's empire even though he was only 20. He conquered the eastern Mediterranean, Egypt, the Middle East, and parts of India in a remarkably short time.

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He died at the young age of 33 leaving behind no heir. ​

​Alexander the Great

Poll

Alexander the Great did NOT conquer

• Greece

• Egypt

• Italy

• The Middle East

Poll

Alexander the Great never lost a battle

• True

• False