Use Analogy to Make a Point

Use Analogy to Make a Point

By SHERILYN NUESCA

ENGLISH7Q2MODULE6_removed.pdf - Google Drive

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Analogies

•“Fish is to water as bird is to air.” That’s an analogy. It shows a parallel relationship. Analogies can build your vocabulary and reasoning skills. When you understand the relationship on one side of the analogy, you can apply that to the words or ideas on the other side. In this case, if you know that a fish moves through water, you can determine that a bird moves through air.

Analogies

•Analogies are similar to similes and metaphors. However, similes and metaphors compare one thing to another directly. Analogies, on the other hand, show a parallel relationship between words or ideas.

•They also have different purposes; similes and metaphors can create vivid imagery and add poetry to your writing. Analogies can clarify a relationship and make your writing more persuasive. 

Multiple Choice

•Based on the analogy below, what can you determine about the phrase “a bed of clams”?

•Bed is to clams as pack is to wolves.

• “A bed of clams” refers to the furniture clams sleep on.

• . “A bed of clams” refers to a group of clams.

• “A bed of clams” refers to what clams eat.

• “A bed of clams” refers to a meal with clams in it.

Multiple Choice

Read the following passage.

After Maria left me, I felt hollow and weak. I held onto her letter, the only trace of her that remained, but I was afraid to read it. For three weeks, I walked around the house like a lost soul, that letter folded up into a square in my shirt pocket. They say that just as the sword is the weapon of the warrior, a pen is the weapon of the writer. And it’s true. When I opened that letter, her words bruised my heart. Two rivers streaked down my cheeks and leaked onto the carpet.

Which detail from the passage includes the best example of an analogy?

• “...just as the sword is the weapon of the warrior, a pen is the weapon of the writer.”

  •B

• “I held onto her letter, the only trace of her that remained, but I was afraid to read it.”

• “...I walked around the house like a lost soul...”

• “...her words bruised my heart.

Multiple Choice

Analogies can show different kinds of relationships between words and phrases. Some examples include: antonym, synonym, part to wholes, user to tool and producer to product.

If you understand the relationship between words on one side of the analogy, you can use that to complete the relationship on the other side.Complete the analogy below.

BEE is to HONEY as COW is to

• bull

• steak

• milk

• horns

Multiple Choice

What does the analogy in this excerpt imply?

“Science is built up of facts, as a house is built of stones; but an accumulation of facts is no more a science than a heap of stones is a house.”

• Like stones, science can be used to build great things, but those things can be destroyed.

• Like a house, a stone can contain life, but life can exist elsewhere.

• Like an architect, a scientist must use both imagination and logic.

• Like a house, science is constructed from building blocks that are used in a specific way.

Multiple Choice

“Fish is to water as bird is to air.” That’s an analogy. It shows a parallel relationship. Analogies can build your vocabulary and reasoning skills. When you understand the relationship on one side of the analogy, you can apply that to the words or ideas on the other side. In this case, if you know that a fish moves through water, you can determine that a bird moves through air. Based on the analogy below, what can you determine about the phrase “a bed of clams”?

Bed is to clams as pack is to wolves.

• “A bed of clams” refers to the furniture clams sleep on.

• “A bed of clams” refers to a group of clams.

• “A bed of clams” refers to what clams eat.

• “A bed of clams” refers to a meal with clams in it.

Multiple Choice

Read the following passage:

After Maria left me, I felt hollow and weak. I held onto her letter, the only trace of her that remained, but I was afraid to read it. For three weeks, I walked around the house like a lost soul, that letter folded up into a square in my shirt pocket. They say that just as the sword is the weapon of the warrior, a pen is the weapon of the writer. And it’s true. When I opened that letter, her words bruised my heart. Two rivers streaked down my cheeks and leaked onto the carpet.

Which detail from the passage includes the best example of an analogy?

• “...just as the sword is the weapon of the warrior, a pen is the weapon of the writer.”

• “I held onto her letter, the only trace of her that remained, but I was afraid to read it.”

• “...I walked around the house like a lost soul...”

• “...her words bruised my heart.”

Multiple Choice

Sometimes, you’ll see analogies written in a specific way. A double colon (::) separates the two sides of the analogy and means “as.” The words or phrases to the left and right are both separated by a single colon (:), which means “is to.”

The relationship between the words and phrases to the left of the double colon is the same as the relationship between the words and phrases to the right. You might be asked to complete the analogy by determining what that relationship is.

Based on the passage, which of the following would correctly show the analogy “cobbler is to shoes as mason is to stones”?

• COBBLER ::: SHOES = MASON ::: STONES

• COBBLER’S SHOES = MASON’S STONES

• COBBLER : SHOES :: MASON : STONES

• COBBLER : SHOES :: MASON ::: STONES

Multiple Choice

Analogies can show different kinds of relationships between words and phrases. Some examples include: antonym, synonym, part to wholes, user to tool and producer to product.

If you understand the relationship between words on one side of the analogy, you can use that to complete the relationship on the other side.

Complete the analogy below.

BEE is to HONEY as COW is to

• bull

• steak

• milk

• horns

Multiple Choice

Analogies can make writing more persuasive. If your reader has a firm grasp of one subject, she can transfer that certainty to the subject you’re writing about by following your analogy.

A writer can make his or her writing more persuasive by using anlogies.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

It is a comparison between two things for the purpose of explanation or clarification.

• Literal Analogy

• Figurative Analogy

• Expression

• Simile

Multiple Choice

It is a figure of speech that compares two different things using the words “like and as” in an interesting way.

• Analogy

• Expression

• Metaphor

• Simile

Multiple Choice

It is a figure of speech that contains an implied comparison.

• Analogy

• Expression

• Metaphor

• Simile

Multiple Choice

Complete the analogy. Hammer is to nail as comb is to ____________.

• earr

• hair

• mouth

• nose

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is a metaphor?

• A book is a friend.

• When it rains, it pours.

• Her life is envied by many.

• She is like an angel.

Comparing objects or ideas is a common practice especially when writing. While there are many types of comparisons that one can make through usual figures of speech like simile and metaphor, there are also literary techniques or devices that can show and provide a more detailed comparison of things and ideas. One example of these techniques is the use of analogy.

An analogy is a literary technique that involves comparison of how two things are alike, but with the ultimate goal of making a point about this comparison. 

Although often quite similar or related with simile and metaphor, an analogy is not a figure of speech. It is a rhetorical device used to make rational arguments and support ideas by showing connections and comparisons between unlike things.

The main function of analogy is not just to show, but also to explain or justify. Meanwhile, figures of speech like simile or metaphor only aim to show without providing clear descriptions or explanations. As such, analogy is more complex in nature than figures of speech.

Generally, there are two types of analogies commonly employed in writing.

1. Analogies that identify identical relationships. This type of analogy takes the form “A is to B as C is to D,” and is often used to directly illustrate similar relationships between two pairs of words, often for the purpose of logical argument.

Example: English : language :: Mathematics : arithmetic

The example above vividly shows the connection between English and language and Mathematics and arithmetic. English is basically a subject that focuses on language while Mathematics deals primarily with arithmetic or numbers.

.

In writing, analogies play the function of making abstract concepts more concrete, adding depth and feeling to an image, and describing and making a point to establish an argument.

Explanation Slide...

milkThe analogy shows a "producer (maker) to product" relationship. A bee produces honey, and a cow produces milk.

Explanation Slide...

COBBLER : SHOES :: MASON : STONESAccording to the passage, a "double colon (::) separates the two sides of the analogy and means 'as'. The words or phrases to the left and right are both separated by a single colon, which means 'is to'. "

Explanation Slide...

“...just as the sword is the weapon of the warrior, a pen is the weapon of the writer.”This sentence shows parallel (same) relationship between a writer and her pen and a warrior and her sword.

Explanation Slide...

Similes and metaphors compare one thing to another while analogies show similar relationships between objects.

Explanation Slide...

A pack is a group of wolves. Based on the analogy, a bed must be a group of clams.