Oil mining and spills

Oil mining and spills

By Laura Bohnke

These questions are review from last class's video

https://youtu.be/6LIIGEOzGnE

Multiple Choice

Crude oil is also called what?

• biomass
• fossils
• coal
• petroleum

Multiple Choice

 The word "petroleum" literally translates:

• Black Water
• Rock Oil
• Liquid Energy 
• Nature's blood

Multiple Choice

Crude oil is made up of:

• Ethane and propane

• coal and water

• A mixture of different hydrocarbons

• Extremely large hydrocarbons which are broken up once extracted

Multiple Choice

A "fraction" of crude oil is "a refined portion of crude oil made up of ___"...

• Hydrocarbons of similar chain lengths

• fossil fuel gasses

• Large hydrocarbons

• Alkenes only

Multiple Choice

Different fractions in crude oil are separated by:

• Cracking

• Fractional Distillation

• Filtration

• Crystalisation

Multiple Choice

What process happens as the crude oil enters the fractionating column?

• the oil is slowly heated till it boils and evaporates

• the oil is slowly heated toll it boils and condenses

• the oil is slowly heated until it combusts

Multiple Choice

Shorter hydrocarbons have:

• Higher boiling points

• Lower boiling points

Multiple Choice

Where do short chain hydrocarbons collect?

• At the top

• In the middle

• At the bottom

Multiple Choice

Where do long chain hydrocarbons collect?

• At the top

• In the middle

• At the bottom

Multiple Choice

What process happens as hydrocarbons rise as gasses to each level in the fractionating column?

• the continue to evaporate

• they cool, condense, and are collected

• they are burned for energy in combustion

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a derivative of crude oil?

• fertilizers and plastics
•  gasoline and  diesel

• chalk and coal

• car tires and asphalt

Multiple Choice

What percentage of crude oil is used to make gasoline?

• 40%
• 80%
• 50%
• 20%

Multiple Choice

Bitumen is a fraction of crude oil that is very thick (viscous). It is used for:

• Fuel for large ships and in some power stations

• Roof and road surfacing

• Fuel in aircraft

• Fuel in cars

Multiple Choice

The shorter the hydrocarbon, the more viscous it is

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

What does viscosity tell you about a hydrocarbon?

• How easy it is to ignite

• How thick vs. runny it is

• What is boiling point is

Multiple Choice

Oil is nonrenewable

• True 
• false

Watch: Crude Oil Formation

https://youtu.be/qk1WoqMThdI

Multiple Choice

Petroleum and natural gas form from...

• strong winds
• cooled magma
• radioactive materials
• remains of dead marine organisms

Multiple Choice

Crude oil is a fossil fuel

• True 
• False

Multiple Choice

We find oil under many different types of ground surfaces today because the tectonic plates that form the ground have shifted over time. Areas that used to be in the ocean might now be part of mountains and vice versa (we know this from fossils). What kind of environment would have needed to existed in the past for an area to have oil today?

• A swamp with many generations of plants that died and couldn't decompose naturally.

• A sea where many plants and animals died and couldn't decompose.
• A desert environment where no living things ever existed. 

Multiple Select

What conditions are needed to form oil? (Select all that apply.)

• heat

• pressure

• no oxygen

• lots of oxygen

Watch: How Off-Shore Oil Rigs Work

https://youtu.be/ABIkWS_YavM

Multiple Choice

What unit is used to measure oil?

• litters
• barrels
• M3
• Newtons

Multiple Select

Which of the following are ways of obtaining petroleum? Include one mentioned in the Switch video we watched at the start of the unit. (Select all that apply.)

• On-shore drilling

• Mountaintop removal

• Subsurface mining

• Off-shore drilling

• Tar sands refining

Multiple Choice

Which mining location is more costly?

• On-shore drilling

• Off-shore drilling

Multiple Choice

Why are off-shore oil rigs kept running if they're not individually making a profit?

• they are more efficient in the long term

• they help lower oil demand

• they're an investment in case oil demand and prices go up

• there are fewer restrictions because no one owns the ocean

Watch: What Happens After an Oil Spill?

https://youtu.be/nshSoLw0tdI

Multiple Choice

What does oil do in water (at first)?

• float

• sink

Multiple Choice

An "oil slick" is...

• Someone who works on an oil tanker

• Oil that end up on animals

• Oil that floats on water

Multiple Choice

As a oil spill spreads, it first covers the water in a "oil slick," then continues to spread and thin forming an ...

• coat

• shine

• sheen

• glaze

Multiple Choice

Waves can mix oil deeper into the water column.

• true

• false

Multiple Select

How can oil spills be deadly to organisms? (select all that apply)

• covers fur and feathers and prevents insulation

• gets ingested and is toxic

• makes them easier to catch in nets

• erodes fish scales and poisons livers

• smothers eggs

Multiple Select

How can oil spills affect people? Include one that wasn't mentioned. (select all that apply)

• kills fish thus harming fishermen's livelihood

• reduces tourism to beaches

• increases oil demand

• puts toxins into the food chain

Watch: Demonstration: Oil Spill Cleanup

https://youtu.be/0m62X_cN55Q

Multiple Choice

Dispersants...

• absorb oil

• spread oil out

• remove oil

Multiple Choice

Booms and skimmers work together to

• make the oil sink

• mix the oil with water

• burn the oil

• scoop the oil out of the ocean

Multiple Choice

How is collecting oil with an absorber different from collecting it with a boom and skimmer?

• absorbers can be cleaned and reused while booms can't

• oil from a skimmer can be refined and used for multiple purposes

Watch: Exxon Valdez Oil Spill: Retro Report

https://youtu.be/VaRdUHrUnBs

Multiple Choice

What do we call an enormous boat that transports millions of gallons of oil?

• Tank

• Supertanker

• Boat

• Tugboat

Multiple Select

Which of the following types of accidents are associated with the use of petroleum? Select all that apply.

• Explosion in Chernobyl, Ukraine

• Proposed storage in Yucca Mountain, Nevada

• Exxon Valdez spill in Prince William Sound

• Underground fire in Centralia, PA

• Deep Horizon disaster in the Gulf of Mexico

Multiple Choice

Oil spilled from the tanker Exxon Valdez because

• it ran into an iceberg.

• it collided with another ship.

• it ran aground on the beach.

• it ran aground on a reef.

Multiple Choice

A ship was involved in an accident and has spilled oil into the ocean. What is the FIRST thing crews should do prevent further damage to the environment?

• Use a material to contain the oil so it doesn't spread.

• Use an absorbent material to soak up the oil.

• Use a tool to scoop up the oil.

• Spread out the oil so it isn't in one spot.

Multiple Choice

What event made the oil spill disaster worse?

• Low animal populations

• A storm

• An earthquake

• Fires

Watch: This Is Why Birds Are So Affected by Oil Spills

https://youtu.be/hWmOA8XIrQE

Multiple Choice

The barbs and barbules of bird feathers line up like ___ to seal water away from birds' skin.

• traffic lanes

• bubble wrap

• velcro

Multiple Choice

Oil is only harmful to an animal if it is ingested (swallowed)?

• True

• False

Multiple Select

Oil can... (select all that apply)

• cause chemical burns

• evaporate as easily as water

• travel up the food chain

• harm a bird even if just a small patch of feathers is covered