ARMSTRONG Ethos, Pathos, and Logos Refresh

Understanding Ethos, Pathos, and Logos

Rhetorical Analyhsis

Introduction to Ethos, Pathos & Logos

• Greek philosopher Aristotle

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• Influential thinker & wrote on many subjects

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• One subject was the tools for persuasive language (or how to use words effectively)!!!

Ethos

• Greek word meaning 'character'

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• Convincing an audience of the reliable character or credibility of the speaker/writer

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• Important tool because if the audience sees you (or your argument) as credible & trustworthy, it will be easier to persuade them

Multiple Choice

Ethos means what?

• Appeal to the emotions

• Reliable character or credibility

• Appeal to logic and reason

Open Ended

EVERYONE is a trustworthy, credible source in some area of life (from gaming to cooking to making TikToks to organizing). EVERYONE has ETHOS! What subject would you consider a trustworthy, credible source? What are you an expert about? (in 1-2 COMPLETE sentences)

EXAMPLE: Mrs. Armstrong could be used as ethos in finding travel deals and being an only child!

Pathos

• Greek word meaning 'suffering' or experience'

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• Used as an appeal to the emotions of the audience

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• Evokes an emotional response in the audience/reader

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• Appeal to hopes and dreams, playing on their fears or worries, or appealing to their particular beliefs or ideals.

Multiple Choice

Pathos means what?

• Appeal to the emotions

• Reliable character or credibility

• Appeal to logic and reason

Logos

• Greek work meaning 'a word' or 'reason'

• It is an appeal to logic and reason

• Used to persuade an audience by logical though, fact and rationality

• Can be a useful tool because if you can 'prove' an argument though logical and sound reasoning, the audience is more likely to be persuaded.

Multiple Choice

Logos means what?

• Appeal to the emotions

• Reliable character or credibility

• Appeal to logic and reason

Combining All Three

• Effective rhetoric combines all three in persuasive speaking, advertising and writing

• Effective rhetoric appeals to audience's emotions, sense of reasoning and belief of the speaker.

• Effective rhetoric subtly weaves ethos, pathos, and logos into the message of whatever text used

Practice with ETHOS

The next questions you will need to identify whether or not ETHOS (credibility) is used.

Multiple Choice

"You should definitely get help with your debt, and I say that as somebody with over 30 years experience do debt counseling."

• Ethos is used

• Ethos is NOT used

Multiple Choice

"We really should try that recipe. Someone told me that it was good."

• Ethos is used

• Ethos is NOT used

Open Ended

"We really should try that recipe. Someone told me that it was good."

Explain in 3 or more sentences why this is a statement that DOES NOT use ETHOS effectively .

Multiple Choice

"The research - conducted by professors ad Harvard University - suggests that you should learn a second language."

• Ethos is used

• Ethos is NOT used

Multiple Choice

"I read somewhere that bicarbonate of soda is really useful for cleaning. You should try it."

• Ethos is used

• Ethos is NOT used

Practice with PATHOS

The next questions you will need to explain how PATHOS (emotions) are used & prepare to explain your reasoning.

Open Ended

(Explain how PATHOS is used in the following statement.

"If you don't purchase this life insurance, and something happens to you, how will your family survive?

How does it affect your emotions (3 or more sentences)?  Include the  emotion it triggers.

Open Ended

Explain how PATHOS is used in the following statement.

"We live in a great democracy. So donate now and support the troops who are protecting our freedom."

How does it affect your emotions (3 or more sentences)?  Include the  emotion it triggers.

Open Ended

Explain how PATHOS is used in the following statement. "

Caring for the environment may not change your life, but it will change the lives of your children."

How does it affect your emotions (3 or more sentences)?  Include the  emotion it triggers.

Practice with LOGOS

The next questions you will need to identify if you think LOGOS is being used effectively or not.

Multiple Choice

Is Logos is being used effectively in the following statement?

"Everyone has children. Therefore, everyone needs to think about the schooling of his or her children."

• Yes, Logos is being used effectively.

• No, Logos is NOT being used effectively.

Multiple Choice

Is Logos is being used effectively in the following statement?

"Cigarette smoke contains over 4,800 chemicals, 69 of which are known to cause cancer. So why start smoking?"

• Yes, Logos is being used effectively.

• No, Logos is NOT being used effectively.

Multiple Choice

Is Logos is being used effectively in the following statement?

"Every morning the rooster crows, then the sun rises. Therefore the rooster causes the sun to rise."

• Yes, Logos is being used effectively.

• No, Logos is NOT being used effectively.