Civil War Lesson 2

Civil War Lesson 2

by Megan Parker

​Events Leading to the Civil War...

• ​Missouri compromise 1820

• Nullification Crisis 1832​

• ​Fugitive Slave Act 1850

• ​Kansas-Nebraska Act 1854

• ​Dred Scott Decision 1857

• ​Election of Abraham Lincoln 1860

​Missouri Compromise 1820

​The Missouri Compromise created a line at the 36 degree and 30 parallel.  Any state added to the Union North of the line would be added as a free state.  Any state added South of the line would be added as a slave state.

​Nullification Crisis 1832

​The Nullification Crisis was a conflict in Congress over whether or not the Southern states had to abide by the tariffs that had been passed.  The South didn’t want to pay extra taxes because it hurt their profits.  The Northern businesses profited from the tariffs. 

Fugitive Slave Act 1850

​This act (law) was part of the compromise of 1850 and became controversial. The law was passed to balance the addition California as a free state. in return for adding a free state the law was created stating that all runaway slave would be returned to their owners.

Multiple Choice

Which event was a conflict over tariffs and states rights?

• ​Missouri Compromise 1820

• Nullification Crisis 1832​

• Fugitive Slave Act 1850

Multiple Choice

Which event said that states added above the line would be added as a free state and states added below the line would be added as slave states?

• ​Missouri Compromise 1820

• Nullification Crisis 1832​

• Fugitive Slave Act 1850

Multiple Choice

Which event added California as a FREE STATE and made a law to return runaway slaves?

• ​Missouri Compromise 1820

• Nullification Crisis 1832​

• Fugitive Slave Act 1850

​Kansas Nebraska Act 1854

​The Act divided kansas and nebraska into two separate territories. in order to make a decision about slavery in kansas, it was decided that popular sovereignty (voting) would make the rule. When the vote was pro-slavery a voting scandal was revealed and the response was rioting in the streets. (bleeding kansas)

Dred scott decision 1857

​The dred scott decision was the ruling of a supreme court case: dred Scott vs. John f. a. Sanford. Dred Scott tried to win his freedom in court because he was a slave who travelled and lived with his owner in states where slavery was illegal. The court ruling said, No, dred scott could not sue for his freedom because he was ineligible to have citizenship because he was a slave (Property) and a black man. The ruling sparked even more controversy over the question of slavery, citizenship, and extended the bleeding kansas problem.

Election of Abraham Lincoln 1860

​The Election of 1860

• Republican nominee Abraham Lincoln

• Democratic Party nominee Senator Stephen Douglas

• Southern Democratic Party nominee John Breckinridge

• Constitutional Union Party nominee John Bell

• The main issue of the election was slavery and states’ rights. Lincoln won the election which caused some southern states to secede.

Multiple Choice

Which event immediately caused some Southern states to secede from the Union?

• ​Kansas Nebraska Act 1854

• Dred Scott Decision

• Election of Abraham Lincoln

Multiple Choice

Which event was a controversy involving voting scandals and the issue of slavery?

• ​Kansas Nebraska Act 1854

• Dred Scott Decision

• Election of Abraham Lincoln

Multiple Choice

Which event was a court ruling stating that slaves could not sue for their freedom because they were property, not citizens?

• ​Kansas Nebraska Act 1854

• Dred Scott Decision

• Election of Abraham Lincoln

Events of 1861 ...Texas

• ​The year 1861 was a big year for the United States and for Texas.   

  • Texas voted to secede and to join the Confederacy

  • There were 2 main groups, the Secessionists and the Unionists.

  • Sam Houston had been voted in as the Governor of Texas but was a Unionist. So, when he refused to take the oath of the Confederacy (refused to secede)...

  • Sam Houston was removed(fired) as Governor of Texas

Events of 1861 ... The Confederacy was formed

• As a nation, 1861, was a big year because 7 different states left the Union.  

• This was called SECESSION (When the states left they formed their own country called the Confederacy)The order that the states left the Union is as follows

  1. South Carolina

  2. Mississippi

  3. Florida

  4. Alabama

  5. Georgia

  6. Louisiana

  7. Texas (Voted to SECEDE because they believed their economy would fail without SLAVERY)

Events of 1861 ... The States in rebellion attacked the Union

• Abraham Lincoln wanted to keep the Union together.  This meant he would need to prevent war to keep the peace.

• However, the Confederates attacked Fort Sumter forcing Lincoln to take action against an attack similar to a terroristic threat.

• ​The 1st battle of the Civil War is considered to be the Attack on Fort Sumter.

Events of 1861 ... Declaration of War...The civil war officially began

• Abraham Lincoln proposed that Congress vote on a declaration of war.  Congress voted yes and the Union declared war.  But who did they declare war against???  

  Lincoln never recognized the Confederate States of America as an independent nation.  He always referred to the states who seceded as, “the states in rebellion.”  

  Remember, Lincoln's main goal was to maintain the Union, so he could not recognize that they had split apart. 

Multiple Choice

True or False.  The attack on Fort Sumter took place in 1861.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

True or False.  Texas listened to Governor Sam Houston and followed his Unionist policies. 

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

True or False.  When the first 7 States seceded from the Union this was called the secession. Also, the states that seceded called themselves the Confederate States.  

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

True or False.  When Congress voted to declare war, they declared war against the Confederate States.

• True

• False

​Advantages and disadvantages ... THE UNION

Advantages

1. Larger FREE Population

2. ​More Railroad Lines

3. ​An Established Government

4. ​An Established, Stable Economy

5. ​Larger Navy

6. ​More Industry

DisAdvantages

1. The north had to conquer all of the land in the south

2. ​Younger and less experienced military leaders

​Advantages and disadvantages ... THE Confederacy

Advantages

1. Experienced military leaders

2. cotton diplomacy

3. ​experienced horsemen

4. ​sharpshooters

5. ​knowledge of the land they in which they were fighting

DisAdvantages

1. Small navy

2. ​smaller free population

3. ​Less Industry

4. ​Less Railroads

Open Ended

Based off the advantages and disadvantages, which side do you think had the best chance of winning this fight and WHY?  USE A COMPLETE SENTENCE