Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Poll

Why is sexual reproduction beneficial?

• Provides genetic variations

• produces offspring

• passes on all genetic material

Sexual reproduction

• Type of reproduction in which genetic materials from two different cells combine, producing an offspring.

• Sexual reproduction provides variation in species

• Helps ensure healthy Populations

• uses a sperm and an egg

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not true about sexual reproduction

• results in an exact replica of the adult

• Sexual reproduction provides variation in species

• Helps ensure healthy Populations

• uses a sperm and an egg

Sex Cells

• Sperm-the male sex cell forms in the testis

• Egg- the female sex cell forms in the ovary

• Fertilization-When an egg cell and a sperm cell join together

• Zygote-the new cell that forms from fertilization

Multiple Choice

This is produced when a sperm fertilizes an egg

• ovary

• egg

• zygote

• testis

Chromosomes

• Homologous-Pairs of chromosomes that have genes for the same traits arranged in the same order

• diploid cells-cells that have pairs of chromosomes

• haploid cells-cells that have only one chromosome from each pair

• In meiosis one diploid cell divides and makes 4 haploid sex cells

Meiosis

• Meiosis is twice as complex as mitosis

• it has two parts and both parts have four phases

• prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase

• The main difference is that in the second part of meiosis the result is 4 haploid cells that have half of the chromosomes.

Multiple Choice

The end result is two daughter cells that are exactly like the parent cell

• Mitosis

• Meiosis

Multiple Choice

The end result is four haploid cells

• Mitosis

• Meiosis

Differences between meiosis and mitosis

The first part is like mitosis. The second part is different because the chromosomes don't replicate. When they are pulled apart in anaphase 2 the new cells will be left with half of the information. The result is a haploid cell

Multiple Choice

Creates sex cells

• mitosis

• meiosis

Multiple Choice

creates body cells

• mitosis

• meiosis

Multiple Choice

occurs in all organisms

• mitosis

• Meiosis

Multiple Choice

Daughter cells are generically different

• mitosis

• meiosis

Advantages to sexual reproduction

• More genetic variation

• Variation makes populations more resistant to environmental changes

• People can selectively breed species

Disadvantages to Sexual Reproduction

• Takes time and energy

• Organisms must grow and develop until they are mature enough to produce sex cells

• only half of your genetic material is passed on.