5.2 Revolt, Cooperation, & Independence

5.2 Revolt, Cooperation, & Independence

Pueblo Revolt

Native Americans became tired of being treated poorly and wanted to return to their way of living before the Spanish arrived. There was often fighting between the Spanish settlers and the Native Americans.

Multiple Choice

Why did the Native Americans want to return to their way of living before the Spanish arrived?

• They missed Spain.

• They were tired of the Spanish food.

• They missed their own food.

• They were tired of being treated poorly.

In 1680, the Pueblo people rebelled at the San Miguel Mission. The Pueblos wanted the Spanish off the land. A Pueblo named Popé led an attack on the Spanish in Santa Fe. Almost all Pueblos in the area joined Popé in the attack. Spanish settlers went to San Miguel Chapel for safety.

However, the rebels set the chapel's roof on fire during the fighting. The building was destroyed. The Pueblos set fire to much of the city, forcing many settlers out of Santa Fe.

Multiple Choice

When the Pueblo people rebelled at the San Miguel Mission, what did the Spanish settlers do?

• They attacked the Pueblo.

• They went to San Miguel Chapel for safety.

• They went back to Spain for safety.

• They surrendered to the Pueblo.

The Spanish fought and won back Santa Fe by force in 1692. San Miguel Chapel was rebuilt and Santa Fe continued to grow. But fighting with Native Americans continued.

Multiple Choice

Which happened in 1692?

• The Spanish won back Santa Fe.

• The Native Americans won back Santa Fe.

• The Spanish left Santa Fe.

• The Native Americans left Santa Fe.

Learning to Cooperate

Not all the Spanish missionaries caused strife and conflict with the Native Americans. Eusebio Francisco Kino was one missionary priest who opposed the Spanish missions enslaving Native Americans. This made him stand out from the other missionaries. He worked to stop the fighting between Spanish settlers and Native Americans.

Multiple Choice

What did Eusebio Francisco Kino work to do?

• He worked to enslave the Native Americans.

• He worked to enslave the Spanish.

• He worked to stop the fighting between Spanish settlers and Native Americans.

• He worked to stop the fighting between the missionaries and the Spanish.

Kino's influence was felt through the many missions he established, starting with the first mission in 1687. As part of his travels, he became skilled at making accurate and descriptive maps. Some remained the best maps of the area for more than 150 years.

Multiple Choice

Eusebio Francisco Kino also made what?

• food

• turtles

• jewelry

• maps

Kino brought cattle and fruit trees from Europe. He taught Native Americans a new skill of raising cattle.

The Mexican War for Independence

For 300 years, the Spanish government ruled New Spain. The Europeans born in Spain were favored, holding the top offices in the church and government of New Spain. People born in New Spain were considered lower class and had fewer chances to earn money.

Multiple Select

People born in New Spain were ____ and _____ . (pick 2)

• had fewer chances to earn money

• owned most of the houses

• had large cattle ranches

• considered lower class

Native Americans suffered the most under Spanish rule. It was even illegal for them to hold some jobs. Spain, in order to protect its economy, also controlled what the colonists could trade.

In 1810, a priest named Miguel Hidalgo (mee-GEHL hee DAHL-goh) made an inspirational speech to the people of Dolores, a small town in New Spain. Hidalgo called for a rebellion to demand equality. Many people born in New Spain decided to follow that call and fight for independence from Spain. Hidalgo led an army against the Spanish. In 1811, Hidalgo was caught and executed.

Multiple Choice

What did Miguel Hidalgo want?

• answers

• money

• power

• equality

José Maria Morelos, also a priest, took over as the leader. In 1820, a rebellion took place in Spain that changed the Spanish government. This helped Mexico finally succeed in winning its independence in 1821.

Multiple Choice

When did Mexico succeed in winning its independence?

• 1657

• 1785

• 1821

• 1984