Ancient Greece - Review for test

Classical Greece

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Review for today's test!

Words to know:

• Pericles - ruler who Improved Athens

• Parthenon - a new temple to honor Athena

• Philosophers - people who think about what is true

• Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle- famous philosophers

• Euclid - developed the principles of geometry (a branch of math)

• Hippocrates - changed the practice of medicine

• Alexander the Great - conquered Greece, then much of the known world, taking Greek culture with him.

Pericles - Ruler of Athens

Pericles' rule of Athens began a "golden age," when Greek culture advanced dramatically. Many of the people and ideas of this time period still influence us today.

Multiple Choice

Who was Athens' ruler during much of its "Golden Age?"

• Odysseus

• Zeus

• Pericles

Pericles had 3 goals for improving Athens:

Goal #1: Improve democracy.

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The Greeks had invented "rule by the people," but it was limited to only a few people. Pericles expanded democracy so more people could have a say. (It still left out some people, but it was the best of its time.)

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He used "direct democracy," rather than "representational democracy."

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He also paid people for serving in government, so that regular people (not just the rich) could afford to take a break from their other jobs and have government roles.

Multiple Choice

What influence did Pericles have over democracy?

• Pericles expanded democracy to let more people participate.

• Pericles cut back on the practices of democracy, and created more limitations on who could have a say.

Pericles had 3 goals for improving Athens:

Goal #2 Expand the Empire.

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To expand an empire means to take over more places. Pericles built a strong navy, and used it to increase Athens' power over the other Greek city-states.

Multiple Choice

Pericles wanted to

• make Athens more powerful, and have power over other lands

• give Athens more gods and goddesses to worship

Pericles had 3 goals for improving Athens:

Goal #3: Make the city of Athens more beautiful.

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Pericles rebuilt the city, including the Acropolis. He constructed a new temple to honor the goddess Athena. This new temple is called THE PARTHENON.

Multiple Choice

Pericles built the Parthenon. What is the PARTHENON ?

• a new town square, with open areas for merchants to sell their goods

• a new temple to honor Athena, built atop the Acropolis

Multiple Choice

Pericles had three goals:

1- Expand democracy

2- Expand the empire

3- ?????

• Modernize Athens

• Beautify Athens

• make Athens more independent

Greek Philosophy

The term "philosophy" means,

"love of wisdom."

To study philosophy means to seek an attitude about life and its meaning.

Ancient Greece gave us some very famous philosophers.

Greek Philosophy

Socrates was a philosopher known for learning and teaching by asking questions to get people to think. There is even a teaching method named after him: "the Socratic method." Some Greeks thought Socrates was dangerous, and he was killed.

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Plato was a student of Socrates, and wrote down a lot of what Socrates said.

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Aristotle was a student of Plato, and started a school.

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Together, Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle greatly influenced the way our own culture developed.

Multiple Choice

Who were Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle?

• famous mathematicians from ancient Greece

• famous rulers of Athens

• famous philosophers of ancient Greece

Multiple Choice

Who were the most famous philosophers from ancient Greece?

• Athena, Zeus, and Poseidon

• Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle

• Sparta, Athens, and Ithaca

• Homer, Pericles, and Paris

Other Greek thinkers

Euclid is known for giving us Geometry. That's the type of math you are doing when you are calculating the area of a shape.

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Hippocrates studied how to heal people from illness. He taught that illness was NOT caused by evil spirits. Still today, doctors make a promise to "do no harm" to their patients. This promise is name after Hippocrates, and is called "the Hippocratic oath."

Multiple Choice

Which is NOT true?

• Hippocrates gave us developments in medicine.

• Euclid gave us developments in math.

• Socrates gave us developments in philosophy.

• Pericles gave us developments in democracy.

• Zeus, Apollo, and Poseidon were real rulers of Athens.

Multiple Choice

What is the Hippocratic Oath?

• a promise to not by hypocritical - politicians make this promise.

• a promise to not harm a patient - doctors make this promise

• a promise to participate in democracy - citizens make this promise

End of the Golden Age

Greece's Golden Age was brought to an end when Sparta and Athens fought against each other. This war greatly weakened both.

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This war is called the Peloponnesian War. It lasted 27 years.

Multiple Choice

What was the Peloponnesian War?

• The same thing as the Trojan War. It was between Troy and Sparta.

• A war between the city-states of Athens and Sparta. It ended the Greek Golden Age.

Multiple Choice

What war greatly weakened both Athens and Sparta?

• the Trojan War

• the Civil War

• the Philosopher's War

• the Peloponnesian War

Alexander the Great

After the Peloponnesian War weakened the Greek city-states, a young king from Macedonia (an empire to the north of Greece) took over.

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His name was Alexander. Alexander was very young, but he was a a brilliant military leader. He became known as "Alexander the Great."

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Alexander loved two things... Greek culture, and power.

Multiple Choice

After the Peloponnesian War weakened the Greek city-states, what happened?

• Athens and Sparta worked together and regained their power.

• The Greek city-states were conquered by Macedonia.

Multiple Choice

What young military genius took over Greece?

• Achilles

• Socrates

• Euclid

• Alexander

• Plato

Alexander the Great

Alexander spread his empire very far! Look at this map to see how huge the area was that he conquered.

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He became known as Alexander the Great.

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What does Alexander have to do with our study of ancient Greece? Well, Alexander loved Greek culture, and he took everything Greek with him when he took over all this territory.

Multiple Choice

How did the Greek way of doing things end up in Egypt, or Asia?

• When Alexander the Great conquered those lands, he brought Greek culture with him.

• The Peloponnesian War created new opportunities for trade, and those places traded goods for Greek knowledge.

Review. Can you say something about each?

• Pericles

• Parthenon

• Philosophers

• Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle

• Euclid

• Hippocrates

• Alexander the Great

Multiple Choice

Who was the ruler of Athens during Greece's golden age, and improved democracy and beautified Athens?

• Pericles

• Plato

• Euclid

• Alexander

• Macedon

Multiple Choice

Who was the Macedonian ruler who spread Greek culture far and wide?

• Pericles

• Plato

• Euclid

• Alexander

• Macedon

Multiple Choice

Who was the student of Socrates, and who wrote down much of the wisdom of Socrates?

• Pericles

• Plato

• Euclid

• Alexander

• Macedon

Multiple Choice

Who gave us developments in math, particularly geometry?

• Pericles

• Plato

• Euclid

• Alexander

• Macedon

Review. Can you say something about each?

• isthmus

• peninsula

• monarchy

• dictatorship

• tyrant

• oligarchy

• democracy

• direct democracy​

• Crete​

Multiple Choice

Athens was named after

• a goddess

• a philosopher

• a sea

• a type of architecture

Multiple Choice

Greece is

• on two peninsulas connected by an isthmus.

• an island

• landlocked

Multiple Choice

Crete is

• the isthmus connecting the two peninsulas of Greece

• the largest of many islands that are part of Greece

Multiple Choice

government that is run by a king or queen is called

• oligarchy

• monarchy

• democracy

Multiple Choice

government that is run by one person, usually someone who is bad, is called

• oligarchy

• dictatorship

• democracy

Multiple Choice

another word for "representative democracy" is

• oligarchy

• president

• republic

Multiple Choice

Who was put to death by the Greeks because they were afraid of his ideas?

• Solon

• Euclid

• Socrates

• Hippocrates

Multiple Choice

Who spread Greek culture and ideas all over?

• Aristotle

• Alexander the Great

• Cleisthenes

• Papa Smurf