Geology Lesson 1: Earth's Layers

Earth's Layers

Open Ended

Gratitude Moment

Okay so today's lesson focuses on Earth's guts. Thinking about the outer surface of Earth - which 2 countries or locations in the U.S. would you really like to visit someday?

Open Ended

Please share something you found more interesting from the video. Also share any interesting thoughts of what you think the inside of Earth is like!

Density

• Density = mass/volume

• It's basically the amount of stuff in a certain amount of space

• Muscle is more dense than fat (if have 1 cubic cm of each, muscle would have a higher mass)

Multiple Choice

Put the liquids in order from most dense to least dense?

• 4, 3, 2, 1

• 1, 2, 3, 4

• 3, 4, 2, 1,

• 4, 3, 1, 2

Multiple Choice

Which box has a higher density?

• Box A because the molecules are more tightly packed

• Box B because the molecules are more spread out

• Box A because it has more volume

• They are the same density

4 Main Layers of Earth

• Crust (outside)

• Mantle

• Outer Core

• Inner Core (inside)

• Mnemonic trick to remember: I (inner core) Owe (outer) Ms. (mantle) C. (crust)

Multiple Choice

Which layer in the image is the crust?

Hit the back button if you don't remember! Don't forget to enlarge the image if it is too small to see!

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Surface of Earth - Crust

• Thinnest layer

• Uppermost layer

• Least dense layer

• Our houses and school are built on top of it =)!

Two Types of Crust: Oceanic & Continental

• Continental Crust: made mostly of granite & is about 18 miles/30 km thick

• Oceanic Crust (Earth's surface under the ocean): made mostly of basalt & is about 6 miles/10 km thick

• Oceanic crust is more dense - more mass for the same volume!

Multiple Choice

Which labeled layer would represent the oceanic crust?

Hit the back button to review & enlarge the image to help you see it!

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

Multiple Choice

Which type of crust is more dense? Go back to slide 12 if unsure!

• Continental Crust

• Oceanic Crust

• PB&J Crust

Multiple Choice

Which of Earth’s layers has the lowest density?

• Crust

• Inner core

• Mantle

• Outer core

• Umm it can't be crust as we have only learned about the crust. Huh...or could it be the crust?!

Lithosphere

• Made up of the crust & the top of the next layer, the mantle - please look at the diagram as kiddos get this confused!

• The upper mantle is made of different stuff than the crust, but the upper upper mantle is "married" to the crust. They stick together.

Multiple Choice

What is the lithosphere made up of?

• crust

• crust & upper upper part of the mantle

• can you please give me chocolate for answering this question! i know you have some or are buying more!

Multiple Choice

Which labeled layer would represent the lithosphere?

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

Asthenosphere - Part of the Mantle

• Lithosphere is basically floating on top of the asthenosphere

• Asthenosphere moves and flows because of Earth's heat & what it is made of

Asthenosphere is a bit like cornstarch & water

• Asthenosphere is considered a solid, but yet it flows & moves due to heat

• The asthenosphere is NOT made of cornstarch and water, but it acts similarly!

• If you missed playing with it in class, please watch the video!

Visual of lithosphere & asthenosphere

• Narrator incorrectly uses the term crust - it is the LITHOSPHERE (crust & upper mantle) that's being moved by the ASTHENOSPHERE underneath

• Please note the scale is off - the asthenosphere is MUCH THINNER

• However I like this to help you visualize what is happening underneath you!

Multiple Choice

In which of the Earth's 4 main layers is the asthenosphere located?

You might need to go back 3 slides to review this answer!

• inner core

• mantle

• outer core

• crust

Multiple Choice

Which labeled layer would represent the asthenosphere?

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

Poll

Would you rather???

• Be able to teleport anywhere

• Be able to read minds

Mantle

• Contains lithosphere, asthenosphere

• Thickest layer - 84% of Earth's volume!

• Average temperature is 3000 C = 5432 F (temperature is increasing)

• This visual does a great job showing the asthenosphere compared to the rest of the mantle!

Multiple Choice

Which layer in the image label the mantle?

Hit the back button if you don't remember! Don't forget to enlarge the image if it is too small to see!

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Core

• Outer Core is liquid iron and nickel that is flowing and moving

• Inner Core is solid iron and nickel, the HOTTEST layer (9392 F) & most DENSE & has most PRESSURE (3.6 million atm vs. 1atm at the surface)

• Magnetic field (N & S Pole) is caused by Earth's core!

• Please make sure to watch the video but the fundamental ideas you need are above!

Multiple Choice

Which layer in the image label the outer core?

Hit the back button if you don't remember! Don't forget to enlarge the image if it is too small to see!

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

Which layer in the image label the inner core?

Hit the back button if you don't remember! Don't forget to enlarge the image if it is too small to see!

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Earth's Layers Review Questions

Multiple Choice

The order of the earth’s 4 main layers from most dense to least dense are

• Inner Core, Crust, Mantle and Outer Core

• Crust, Mantle, Outer Core and Inner Core

• Inner Core, Outer Core, Mantle and Crust

• Crust, Outer Core, Inner Core and Mantle.

Multiple Choice

Which earth layer is #2?

• Crust
• Mantle
• Outer core
• Inner core

Multiple Choice

The lithosphere combines what two layers?

• Athenosphere & Crust

• Crust & Upper Mantle

• Mantel & Asthenosphere

Multiple Choice

Temperature & pressure _____________ as you go deeper into the earth.

• increase

• decrease

• goes up and down depending on the layer

• stays the same

Multiple Choice

Which layer of Earth is characterized by rock that is plastic, or soft enough to flow?

• asthenosphere
• crust
• lithosphere
• inner core

Poll

Pick the topics/concepts you are comfortable with below.

• 4 Main Layers of Earth in Order (I Owe Ms. C.)

• Lithosphere & Asthenosphere - where are they and basic characteristics

• What happens to temperature, pressure and density as you go deeper into Earth

• Basic characteristics of 4 Main Layers