SST - Weather and Climate

SST - Weather and Climate

Meaning

Factors affecting Climate

Facts

Quiz

Meaning/ difference

• Weather refers to short-term changes in the atmosphere.

• Climate describes what the weather is, like over a long period of time in a specific area.

FACTORS THAT AFFECT CLIMATE

There are many factors that affect the climate of a place.

Latitude or Distance from the Equator -

The regions near the equator are hotter than the regions away from the equator as the rays of the sun fall directly on the equator.

The latitude of a place tells us how close or far away it is from the equator.

Altitude or height of land-

Altitude is the height of a place above the sea level.

The air closer to the Earth's surface is dense and absorbs more heat which makes places at the lower altitudes hot.

The air is thinner at high altitudes which absorbs less heat hence, hilly areas are cold.

Distance from the Sea

Places near the sea have moderate climate. i.e. Neither too hot nor too cold) because climate of the coastal areas is affected by land and sea breezes.

The degree of humidity of a place is related to its distance from the sea. i.e. Closer to sea - More humid,

Places away from the sea have extreme climate. i.e. Very cold in winter and very hot in summer.

Direction of Winds

• The direction of the regular winds, at a particular time of the year has an effect on climate.

• Ex. - The south-west monsoon winds bring rain from June to September and the north-east monsoon winds bring rain during December and January.

Trivial Time-

• The study of weather is known as Meteorology. Scientists who study it are called - Meteorologists

• The study of climate is known as Climatology and people who study it are called climatologists.

Multiple Select

_____________ changes within a short period of time.

• climate

• weather

• atmosphere

• global warming

Multiple Select

Places near the sea have ____________climate.

• moderate

• extreme

Multiple Select

The regions near the equator are ___________________.

• hot

• cool

• warm

• covered with snow

Multiple Select

The amount of water vapour or moisture present in the air is known as ________________.

• breeze

• humidity

• altitude

Multiple Select

The south-west monsoon winds brings rain from ___________.

• December to January

• October to January

• June to September

• July to August

Multiple Select

______________ is the height of the place above sea level.

• latitude

• longitude

• altitude

Multiple Select

The _____________ gets heated faster.

• Land

• water