The Healing Process (Post Lecture Review)

The Healing Process

Review

Fill in the Blank

What is the first phase in the healing process?

Fill in the Blank

What is the second phase of the healing process?

Fill in the Blank

What is the third and final phase in the healing process?

1. The Inflammatory Response Phase

• Begins immediately after injury and lasts about 2-4 days.

• Two parts to this phase: vascular reaction and clot formation.

The Inflammatory Response: Vascular Reaction

• Controlled by chemical mediators

• Immediate role is to cause vasoconstriction of the blood vessels near the injury (lasts about 5-10min)

• Secondary role is to cause vasodilation in order to bring in a large fusion of blood and plasma (lasts about 24-36hr)

The Inflammatory Response: Clot Formation

• Platelets starting sticking to the exposed collagen of the injured blood vessels. This helps to form a make shift "bandaid."

• Thromboplastin is released by the damaged cells. It's release causes your liver to release prothrombin.

• Once prothrombin comes into the area its converted into thrombin. This conversion is what causes fibrogen to convert to fibrin.

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The Inflammatory Response: Clot Formation.

• Once fibrin is formed the body is able to being building a clot over the platelet's make shift "bandaid".

• This process begins about 12 hours after the injury and ends within 48 hours.

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Multiple Choice

The immediate response of vascular reaction is what?

• Vasodilation

• Vasoconstriction

• Releasing thromboplastin

• Converting prothrombin to thrombin.

Open Ended

Why is the immediate response of the vascular reaction vasoconstriction?

Open Ended

Injuries initiate the inflammatory response, but specifically how?

Multiple Select

What are the three chemical mediators?

• Leukocytes

• Leukotrienes

• Cytokines

• Histamines

• Phagocytes

Multiple Select

What are the roles of cytokines?

• Regulates leukocyte traffic

• Causes vasodilation

• Responsible for maturation

• Helps attract phagocytes to area of inflammation.

Multiple Select

What are the roles of histamines?

• Regulates leukocyte traffic

• Causes vasodilation

• Increased cell permeability

• Helps attract phagocytes to area of inflammation.

Multiple Select

What is the role of leukotrienes?

• Regulates leukocyte traffic

• Responsible for maturation

• Increased cell permeability

• Helps attract phagocytes to area of inflammation.

Phase 2: Fibroblastic Repair

• Fibrin clot is broken down and replaced with granulation tissue

• Granulation tissue is composed of: fibroblasts, collagen, and capillaries

• This phase begins within the first few days after injury and may last as long as 4-6 weeks.

• During this phase the signs/symptoms from the inflammatory response phase begin to disappear.

Multiple Choice

The fibrin clot is formed during which phase?

• The Inflammatory Response Phase

• The Fibroblastic Repair Phase

Open Ended

Why does our body replace the fibrin clot with granulation tissue?

Open Ended

Why do we begin seeing the signs and symptoms of the inflammatory response phase disappear during the fibroblastic repair phase?

Phase 3: Maturation-Remodeling

• Signaled by the strengthening of the collagen and the diminishing number of fibroblasts present at the injury site.

• The collagen fibers laid down in phase 2 are realigned/remodeled in a specific pattern to ensure strength requirements.

• After about 3 weeks a strong, nonvascular scar has formed.

• This phase could take several years to complete depending on injury.

Open Ended

Why does the strengthening of the collagen from phase 2 and the diminishing number of fibroblasts signal the beginning of the maturation-remodeling phase?

Poll

How do you feel about the material after our review?

• Still need to study, but definitely understand the concepts better.

• Still need to study, but still don't understand the concepts.

Open Ended

Specifically, what do you concepts do you feel you need more assistance with understanding?