Unit 2 Landforms

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Chemical Weathering

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Happens when rocks and minerals are broken down into smaller pieces by chemical reactions, often from acid rain.

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Cementation

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A process that bonds pieces together. In the rock cycle, sediments are cemented, or "glued" together to form sedimentary rock.

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Compaction

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A process where matter is compressed or squeezed. In the rock cycle, sediments are pushed down by layers of sediment above, which pushes the pieces of sediment closer together.

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Cooling

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A process of something losing thermal energy, which makes it colder. In the rock cycle, magma or lava cools down and hardens to become igneous rock.

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Crust

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The thinnest layer of the Earth. The crust is made mostly of solid rock. It is cool at the top and hot at the bottom.

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Deposition

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Occurs when weathered rock material is moved by water and wind and deposited (left behind) as sediment.

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Dichotomous Classification Key

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A tool used to help identify objects and organisms. It consists of a branching set of choices organized in levels, with most levels of the key having two choices. Each level provides more specific descriptors, eventually leading to identification.

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Dissolve

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When a substance mixes completely with a liquid to form a solution.

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Earth’s Surface

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The outermost layer of the planet that we can see and touch. Earth’s landforms are on the surface, including land, water, and air.

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Earthquake

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The sudden vibration of land due to the movement of crustal plates against one another. Most of the world’s earthquakes are located at the boundary of plates and may happen on land or in the ocean.