World History & Geography Unit 2 Pt. 1 Vocabulary

Front

an independent city, sometimes its surrounding land, which has its own government, completely separate from nearby countries.

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city-state

Front

an ancient Greek city-state, functioning as an independent political, social, and cultural center

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polis

Front

Government based on the participation of the people, either directly or through elected representatives.

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democracy

Front

The study of the most basic and profound matters of human existence.

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philosophy

Front

a philosophical belief that reason and logic are the primary sources of knowledge and understanding

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rationalism

Front

A classical Greek philosopher credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy. He is best known for his method of questioning, known as the Socratic method, which involves dialogue and critical thinking to stimulate ideas and uncover underlying beliefs.

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Socrates

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A Greek philosopher known for founding the Academy in Athens, and he was a student of Socrates.

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Plato

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An ancient Greek philosopher and polymath whose writings have had a lasting impact on various fields such as science, philosophy, and politics.

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Aristotle

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citizens directly participate in the decision-making and law-making processes instead of electing representatives to make decisions on their behalf

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direct democracy

Front

a political system where citizens elect officials to act on their behalf and make policy decisions

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representative democracy