Day 12 civil war LSGD-foundation

Front

A type of raft foundation is adopted only when the column spacing is small and column loads are relatively small.

Back

Flat plate type raft foundation

Answer explanation

Flat plate type raft foundation is suitable only when columns are closely spaced and loads are relatively small.

Front

Sustaining pile is also known as

Back

End bearing pile

Answer explanation

Sustaining piles are designed to transfer load directly to firm strata below and are commonly referred to as end bearing piles.

Front

Minimum clearance between grillage beams in grillage foundation for proper concrete pouring.

Back

8 cm

Answer explanation

A minimum clearance of 8 cm is maintained between grillage beams to ensure proper placing and compaction of concrete.

Front

In raft foundation, if weight of excavated earth is equal to total load of the building, it is called

Back

Floating foundation

Answer explanation

When the weight of soil removed equals the weight of the structure, the foundation 'floats' without exerting extra pressure on soil — hence called floating foundation.

Front

If the wall rests directly on foundation concrete without any step, it is known as

Back

Simple footing

Answer explanation

When the wall sits directly on the foundation concrete without any offsets or steps, it is termed a simple footing.

Front

The depth of exploration in isolated spread footing or raft foundation is

Back

1.5 times the width

Answer explanation

For isolated spread footings and raft foundations, exploration depth should be at least 1.5 times the width to account for soil stress distribution and settlement analysis.

Front

A caisson which is closed at top and open at bottom is called

Back

Pneumatic caissons

Answer explanation

• Pneumatic caisson is described as “sealed at the top and open at the bottom” (i.e. closed at top, open bottom)

Front

The number of blows recorded in a Standard Penetration Test (SPT) is for a penetration of: 10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm, 40 cm

Back

30 cm

Answer explanation

In SPT, the number of blows required for the last 30 cm penetration of the split-spoon sampler is recorded as the N-value.

Front

What causes the failure of a building's foundation?

Back

Withdrawal of subsoil moisture, Unequal settlement of soil, Lateral escape of the supporting material

Answer explanation

Foundation failure can occur from subsoil moisture withdrawal, unequal settlement of soil, or lateral escape of supporting soil — hence all these are causes.

Front

In case of a combined footing carrying unequal loads, which type of footing is used?

Back

Trapezoidal footing

Answer explanation

When loads on columns are unequal, trapezoidal footing ensures uniform soil pressure distribution, unlike rectangular footing.