ELT Methods

Front

Rooted in behaviorist psychology and structural linguistics, this method emerged during the mid-20th century, particularly in the U.S. military’s language training programs (e.g., the Army Method). It is based on the belief that language learning is habit formation: correct responses must be reinforced until they become automatic.

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AUDIOLINGUAL

Front

This method is one of the earliest formal methods and has roots in teaching classical Latin and Greek. It is based on the idea that learning a language means learning to read and write it well—primarily through grammar and vocabulary instruction. This method treats language as an object of analysis rather than a tool for communication.

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GRAMMAR-TRANSLATION

Front

This method builds on the principles of communication but goes further by organizing lessons around meaningful tasks that mirror real-world activities. It focuses on language use rather than language practice. Learners acquire language by trying to solve real-life problems or complete goals.

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TASK-BASED LANGUAGE TEACHING

Front

This method emerged in the 1970s as a response to the mechanical nature of other methods. It is based on the idea that the primary goal of language learning to develop the ability to use the language appropriately in various social contexts.

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COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE TEACHING