Scientific Rev./Enlightenment flashcard

Front

The New Scientific method of the Fifteenth and Sixteenth centuries relied on

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direct observation

Answer explanation

Individuals like Bacon believed that scientists should not depend on the ancient thinkers theories but instead should rely on knowledge they achieved for themselves through their own experimentation.

Front

Who proposed the Universal Law of Gravitation?

Back

Newton

Answer explanation

Newton defied the three laws of motion. His theory of the Universal Law of Gravitation explained that "every object in the universe is attracted to every other object by a force called gravity."

Front

Rationalism is the belief that

Back

reason is the chief source of knowledge.

Answer explanation

Descartes is know as the father for modern Rationalism. He believed in his studies that one could only trust their own mind. He said "I think therefore I am."

Front

How did the telescope contribute to Galileo's theories?

Back

Through the telescope, Galileo could see how bodies in the universe moved and what they were made of.

Front

Ptolemy believed that the universe was geocentric, or

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Earth-centered.

Front

A systematic procedure for collecting and analyzing evidence that was crucial to the evolution of science in the modern world

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scientific method

Front

Montesquieu developed the idea of

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separation of powers.

Answer explanation

The powers of Government should be separated into separate branches so that one person/group does not have too much power.

Front

According to Locke, what rights of the individual is the government bound to protect?

Back

The right to life, liberty, and property

Answer explanation

natural rights, unalienable rights, rights that cannot be taken away from someone

Front

According to the Enlightenment, if government deprives people of their rights, the people have the right to overthrow the government.

Back

True

Answer explanation

This one part of the Social Contract

Front

European monarchs claimed that their authority to rule was given to them by _____________ and that any opposition to them was a sin.

Back

Divine Right

Answer explanation

Divine right o kings, their power comes directly from God