UNIT 1: CELLS: VOCABULARY: FLASH CARDS

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Cell

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smallest unit of life

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Macromolecule

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a large molecule made up of smaller subunits.

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Monomer

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the building block (small unit) of a macromolecule.

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Polymer

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a chain of repeating monomers bonded together.

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Dehydration synthesis (condensation reaction)

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process of joining monomers by removing water.

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Hydrolysis

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process of breaking polymers into monomers by adding water.

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Carbohydrate

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macromolecule made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio.

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Monosaccharide

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simple sugar (e.g., glucose, fructose, galactose).

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Disaccharide

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two monosaccharides joined (e.g., sucrose, lactose, maltose).

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Polysaccharide

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large carbohydrate polymer (e.g., starch, glycogen, cellulose, chitin).