Forces in Fluids

Front

Work Noun

---

[wurk]

Back

Work

---

The transfer of energy that occurs when a force is applied to an object, causing it to move a certain distance.

---

Example: This diagram shows the formula for calculating work (W) by multiplying the force (F) applied to an object by the distance (s) it moves.

Front

Power Noun

---

[pou-er]

Back

Power

---

The rate at which work is done or energy is transferred, calculated as the amount of work done per unit time.

---

Example: A weightlifter applies an upward force (200N) to lift a barbell over a distance (2m), demonstrating the concept of work, a component of power.

Front

Joule Noun

---

[jool]

Back

Joule

---

The standard SI unit of work and energy, equal to the work done by a force of one newton acting over one meter.

---

Example: An apple weighing 1 Newton is measured on a spring scale. This illustrates the unit of force (Newton), but not the unit of energy (Joule).

Front

Watt Noun

---

[wot]

Back

Watt

---

The standard SI unit of power, defined as one joule of work done or energy transferred per second.

---

Example: This image shows the formula for power, defining a Watt as the rate of energy use, specifically one Joule of energy used per second.

Front

Machine Noun

---

[muh-sheen]

Back

Machine

---

A device that makes work easier by changing the size or direction of a force, or the distance it acts over.

---

Example: This diagram shows a pulley system, a simple machine that uses a rope and wheels to lift a heavy weight with less effort (input force).

Front

Input Force Noun

---

[in-poot fors]

Back

Input Force

---

The force exerted on a machine, often by a person or motor, to make the machine perform its function.

---

Example: This image shows a hand applying an 'Effort' (input force) to lift a 'Load' using a lever and fulcrum, demonstrating a simple machine.

Front

Output Force Noun

---

[out-poot fors]

Back

Output Force

---

The force exerted by a machine to perform a task, which is the result of the input force being applied.

---

Example: This diagram shows a lever where an applied effort force results in an output force that lifts the load, demonstrating mechanical advantage in a solid system.

Front

Mechanical Advantage Noun

---

[muh-kan-i-kuhl ad-van-tij]

Back

Mechanical Advantage

---

A measure of the force amplification achieved by using a mechanical device, calculated as the ratio of output force to input force.

---

Example: This image shows a lever, a simple machine where a small 'Effort' force moves a larger 'Load' by pivoting on a 'Fulcrum', creating mechanical advantage.

Front

Actual Mechanical Advantage Noun

---

[ak-choo-uhl muh-kan-i-kuhl ad-van-tij]

Back

Actual Mechanical Advantage

---

The true mechanical advantage of a machine, which accounts for energy losses due to friction and is always less than ideal.

---

Example: This diagram shows how a lever, a simple machine, uses an input force over a long effort arm to create a larger output force over a short resistant arm.

Front

Ideal Mechanical Advantage Noun

---

[ahy-deel muh-kan-i-kuhl ad-van-tij]

Back

Ideal Mechanical Advantage

---

The theoretical mechanical advantage of a machine in a frictionless environment, calculated as the ratio of input distance to output distance.

---

Example: This diagram shows the Ideal Mechanical Advantage (IMA) of an inclined plane is calculated by dividing the length of the slope (L) by its height (h).