Science Laboratory Equipment and Concepts

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Hypothesis

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A testable statement predicting a relationship between variables, which guides the design and focus of an experiment.

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Observation

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The act of noting and recording events or characteristics using the senses or instruments, forming the basis for scientific analysis.

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Qualitative Observation

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Descriptive observations that focus on qualities such as color, texture, or behavior, without using numerical measurements.

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Quantitative Observation

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Observations that involve numerical measurements or counts, enabling precise comparison and statistical analysis.

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Inference

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A logical conclusion or explanation drawn from observations and evidence, going beyond what is directly observed.

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Fire Extinguisher

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A portable device filled with chemicals or gas used to extinguish small fires by cooling, smothering, or interrupting the combustion process.

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Emergency Gas Shut-Off

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A valve or switch that stops the flow of laboratory gas lines in the event of a leak or fire, cutting off fuel to Bunsen burners and other equipment.

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Eyewash Station

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A faucet or nozzle system that delivers a gentle stream of water to rinse eyes and flush out harmful chemicals or particles.

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Safety Shower

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A pull-activated shower that delivers large volumes of water to rinse chemicals from the body, hair, and clothing during a spill emergency.

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First Aid Kit

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A collection of medical supplies—including bandages, antiseptics, and dressings—designed for immediate treatment of minor injuries.