Genetics Basics Flashcard

Front

What does the phenotype of an organism refer to?

Back

The physical appearance of an organism.

Front

If a trait is dominant, it will be expressed if the individual has how many dominant alleles?

Back

1 dominant allele.

Front

Which of the following is NOT one of Mendel's laws of genetics?

Back

Law of Mutation.

Front

Which of the following is an example of a recessive trait?

Back

Attached earlobes in humans.

Front

In Mendel's experiments, what was the ratio of dominant to recessive phenotypes in the F2 generation for a single trait cross?

Back

3:1.

Front

What is the definition of a gene?

Back

A segment of DNA that codes for a specific trait.

Front

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup, while phenotype refers to the physical expression of traits.

Front

What does homozygous mean?

Back

Having two identical alleles for a particular gene.

Front

What does heterozygous mean?

Back

Having two different alleles for a particular gene.

Front

What is the purpose of a Punnett square?

Back

To predict the genetic outcomes of a cross between two organisms.