Periodic Table & Trends

Front

What is the atomic radius?

Back

The atomic radius is the distance from the nucleus of an atom to the outermost shell of electrons.

Front

What trend is observed in atomic radius as you move down a group in the periodic table?

Back

Atomic radius increases as you move down a group due to the addition of more electron shells.

Front

What are groups in the periodic table?

Back

Groups are the vertical columns in the periodic table that contain elements with similar chemical properties and the same number of valence electrons.

Front

What are periods in the periodic table?

Back

Periods are the horizontal rows in the periodic table that represent the number of electron shells in the elements.

Front

What are metalloids?

Back

Metalloids are elements that have properties of both metals and nonmetals, located along the staircase line in the periodic table.

Front

What is the significance of valence electrons?

Back

Valence electrons determine how an element reacts chemically and are involved in forming bonds with other atoms.

Front

How does the number of protons relate to the atomic number?

Back

The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of protons in its nucleus.

Front

What is the trend in electronegativity as you move across a period?

Back

Electronegativity increases as you move from left to right across a period due to increasing nuclear charge.

Front

What is ionization energy?

Back

Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom in its gaseous state.

Front

How does ionization energy change down a group?

Back

Ionization energy decreases as you move down a group because the outer electrons are further from the nucleus and are less tightly held.