QUARTERLY TEST Review FLASHCARDS

Front

What is the outcome (dependent) variable in Bailey's experiment on the effect of different light sources on the growth of rose plants?

Back

the growth of rose plants

Answer explanation

The outcome (dependent) variable is what is measured in the experiment. In this case, it is the growth of rose plants, as Bailey is testing how different light sources affect their growth.

Front

Most of the mass of our Solar System is contained in which of the following? the Sun, the planets, the gas giants, rocks and debris

Back

the Sun

Answer explanation

Most of the mass in our Solar System is contained in the Sun, which accounts for about 99.86% of the total mass. The planets, gas giants, and debris make up only a small fraction of the remaining mass.

Front

Which of these statements is a correct explanation of how objects absorb and reflect colors of light?

Back

Black objects absorb almost all wavelengths of light.

Answer explanation

Black objects absorb almost all wavelengths of light, making them appear black. This is why they do not reflect light, unlike white objects that reflect most wavelengths.

Front

Why does white light separate into a color spectrum when it passes through a prism?

Back

The colors of white light have different wavelengths.

Answer explanation

The colors of white light have different wavelengths, causing them to refract at different angles when passing through a prism. This separation results in the visible spectrum of colors.

Front

Why is it important for researchers to keep accurate notes about their research on the effects of radiation on fruits and vegetables?

Back

Accurate notes will allow other researchers to replicate the results.

Answer explanation

Accurate notes are crucial for allowing other researchers to replicate the results of the study. Replication is a key aspect of scientific research, ensuring findings are valid and reliable.

Front

Relationship between absolute brightness of two stars with the same radius.

Back

The star that is hotter will have a higher absolute brightness.

Answer explanation

The absolute brightness of a star increases with temperature. Since both stars have the same radius, the hotter star will emit more energy and thus have a higher absolute brightness.

Front

An astronomer studies an image taken by a satellite in space and sees an area of gas, dust, and many stars distributed in spiral arms. What is the astronomer most likely seeing?

Back

a galaxy

Answer explanation

The image described shows gas, dust, and stars in spiral arms, which are characteristic features of a galaxy. Comets, solar systems, and asteroid belts do not exhibit such large-scale structures.

Front

How does the length of a year on Neptune compare to a year on Earth?

Back

A year on Earth is shorter than a year on Neptune because Earth is closer to the Sun.

Answer explanation

A year on a planet depends on its distance from the Sun. Earth, being 1 AU away, has a shorter orbital period than Neptune, which is 30 AU away. Thus, a year on Earth is shorter than a year on Neptune.

Front

How is it possible for Red Giant stars to have greater absolute brightness than White Dwarf stars?

Back

They have a larger diameter.

Answer explanation

Red Giant stars have a larger diameter than White Dwarf stars, which allows them to emit more light and have greater absolute brightness, despite their lower surface temperatures.

Front

Why do temperatures on the Moon's surface vary more than temperatures on Earth's surface?

Back

The moon has a very thin atmosphere.

Answer explanation

The Moon has a very thin atmosphere, which means it cannot retain heat. This leads to extreme temperature variations between day and night, unlike Earth, which has a thicker atmosphere that helps moderate temperatures.