Ecology: Food Webs and Energy Transfer

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Ecology

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of interactions among organisms and their environment

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Food chain

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sequence of organisms through which energy passes

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Food web

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of interconnected food chains in an ecosystem

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Producer

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that makes its own food, usually via photosynthesis

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Consumer

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that eats other organisms for energy

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Decomposer

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that breaks down dead material, recycling nutrients

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Trophic level

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an organism occupies in a food chain

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Energy transfer in food chains

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of energy from one trophic level to the next

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Biogeochemical cycle

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of elements and compounds through living and nonliving parts of Earth

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Example of a simple food chain

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