AP GOV UNIT 4

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Conservative Ideology

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A political philosophy that emphasizes limited government, traditional values, individual responsibility, free-market economics, and a strong national defense.

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Equal Opportunity

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The principle that all individuals should have the same chances to succeed, without discrimination based on race, gender, religion, or other characteristics.

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Exit Poll

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A survey conducted with voters as they leave polling places, used to predict election outcomes and analyze voter behavior.

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Fiscal Policy

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Government policies related to taxation and spending, aimed at influencing the economy.

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Keynesian Economics

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An economic theory that advocates for active government intervention, especially through fiscal policy (spending and taxation), to manage economic cycles.

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Liberal Ideology

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A political philosophy that emphasizes government action to ensure social and economic equality, protect civil rights, and support welfare programs.

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Libertarian Ideology

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A political belief in minimal government intervention in both economic and personal affairs, emphasizing individual liberty and free markets.

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Majoritarian policy making

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A democratic process where policies are made based on the preferences of the majority of the population.

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Means test

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A method for determining eligibility for government assistance programs based on an individual's income and assets.

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Monetary Policy

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Policies enacted by a central bank (like the Federal Reserve) to control the money supply and interest rates, aiming to influence inflation and economic growth.