Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Flashcard

Front

The ultimate/original source of all energy is from

Back

the sun

Answer explanation

The ultimate source of all energy is the sun, as it provides the energy for photosynthesis in plants, which is the foundation of the food chain. Carbohydrates, ATP, and lipids are forms of stored energy derived from the sun.

Front

Which plant cell organelle uses light energy to produce sugar in the process of photosynthesis?

Back

chloroplast

Answer explanation

The chloroplast is the plant cell organelle responsible for photosynthesis, where it uses light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugar and oxygen.

Front

What is the name of a stack of thylakoids, which is pictured in the image below?

Back

grana

Answer explanation

The stack of thylakoids is called 'grana'. Grana are essential for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, where chlorophyll is located and light energy is converted into chemical energy.

Front

Which of these organisms does NOT do photosynthesis? algae, bacteria, plants, animals

Back

animals

Answer explanation

Animals do not perform photosynthesis; they obtain energy by consuming other organisms. In contrast, algae, bacteria, and plants are capable of photosynthesis, converting sunlight into energy.

Front

Why is the presence of chlorophyll in plants important?

Back

It is a pigment that absorbs solar energy.

Answer explanation

Chlorophyll is crucial because it is a pigment that absorbs solar energy, enabling photosynthesis. This process converts light energy into chemical energy, allowing plants to produce food and oxygen.

Front

Which statement accurately describes the energy needs for photosynthesis and cellular respiration? Options: Solar energy is needed for cellular respiration but not for photosynthesis. Chemical energy in the form of glucose is needed for both cellular respiration and photosynthesis. Chemical energy in the form of glucose is needed for photosynthesis, and solar energy is needed for cellular respiration. Solar energy is needed for photosynthesis, and chemical energy in the form of glucose is needed for cellular respiration.

Back

Solar energy is needed for photosynthesis, and chemical energy in the form of glucose is needed for cellular respiration.

Answer explanation

Solar energy is essential for photosynthesis as it powers the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into glucose. In contrast, cellular respiration requires chemical energy from glucose to produce ATP, making the correct statement accurate.

Front

During the light-dependent reactions, sunlight is absorbed. Where in the chloroplast does this occur?

Back

thylakoid membrane

Answer explanation

The light-dependent reactions occur in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast, where sunlight is absorbed to produce energy-rich molecules.

Front

Ultimately photosynthesis produces the sugar glucose. Glucose is made during the second step of photosynthesis which takes place in the stroma of chloroplasts. This second step of photosynthesis that produces glucose is called:

Back

the light-independent reactions

Answer explanation

The second step of photosynthesis that produces glucose occurs in the stroma and is known as the light-independent reactions, also called the Calvin cycle, where carbon dioxide is converted into glucose.

Front

The process of cellular respiration:

Back

breaks down food molecules to release stored energy

Answer explanation

The correct answer is that cellular respiration breaks down food molecules to release stored energy. This process occurs in all living organisms, not just those that cannot perform photosynthesis.

Front

A biomass pyramid of an ecosystem is shown. Which statement provides the best explanation for the difference in biomass of organisms found at each trophic level?

Back

Organisms at higher trophic levels have less energy available to them than organisms at lower trophic levels.

Answer explanation

Organisms at higher trophic levels have less energy available to them due to the energy transfer inefficiency in ecosystems, where only about 10% of energy is passed to the next level, leading to lower biomass.