WH10 | From First Peoples to First Civilizations

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Another human species who lived alongside modern humans (homo sapiens) and adapted to life in the cold climates of the last Ice Age.

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neanderthals

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20,000 years ago; caused sea levels to drop and exposed land bridges which allowed animals and people to cross into new continents

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Last Ice Age

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The time when human beings first domesticated plants and animals and no longer relied entirely on hunting and gathering; another term for neolithic era

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The Agricultural Revolution

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The taming of animals for human use, such as work or as food

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Domestication

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Old Stone Age; the early period in human history before the discovery of agriculture

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Paleolithic

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A human society that relies on domesticated animals rather than plants as the main source of food; pastoral nomads lead their animals to seasonal grazing grounds rather than settling permanently in a single location.

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Pastoralists

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Small Paleolithic statues of women with exaggerated sexual features; reflect early humans' deep interest in fertility.

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Venus Figurines

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A region of rich farmland in the Middle East where the first civilizations began

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Fertile Crescent

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An ancient Egyptian writing system in which pictures were used to represent ideas and sounds

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Hieroglyphics

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The world's first system of writing; developed in Sumer (Mesopotamia)

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Cuneiform