Technical Camera Vocabulary

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Overexposure: Too much light entering the camera; details get washed out.

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Underexposure: Not enough light; image looks too dim or shadowy.

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Motion Blur / Out of Focus: Happens when shutter speed is too slow or focus isn’t locked.

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In Focus / Depth of Field: Subject is clear and detailed; often controlled by aperture.

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Grainy

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High ISO Noise: When ISO is set too high, digital “noise” appears in the image.

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Shallow Depth of Field: Subject is sharp, background is blurred (“portrait mode” look).

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Deep Depth of Field: Both subject and background are sharp; achieved with small aperture.